Pipe tour
As pipe string (also casing pipes or tubing , engl .: casing , called), which is pipe section referred to which the borehole of special geological drilling is lined. The task of the pipe tour is to stabilize the borehole in the long term and to seal it against the surrounding rock ( mountains ).
Deep drilling for the extraction of fossil hydrocarbons
In a deep borehole , the pipe tour is the central component of the borehole construction. It consists of telescopically concentric metal tubes .
In the case of a well for the extraction of fossil hydrocarbons , i. H. Crude oil and natural gas , the individual components of the pipe tour, with increasing depth and decreasing pipe diameter, are referred to as standpipe , guide or anchor pipe tour, technical pipe tour or intermediate pipe tour and finally as production, end or production pipe tour. The upper end of all pipe tours extends to the surface of the earth. In order to save material costs, a so-called liner can be used instead of a complete conveyor pipe tour, the upper end of which does not extend to the surface of the earth, but only just above the lower end of the next larger pipe tour. After the final depth has been reached and the actual drilling work has been completed, the riser pipe , which transports the hydrocarbons to the earth's surface, is inserted into the pipe tour. So that the hydrocarbons can get into the riser pipe, the wall of the conveyor pipe tour is perforated in the area of the deposit . Before that, the conveyor pipe tour is sealed at the top with a packer .
The pipe tour is firmly anchored at its upper end, the borehole head (not to be confused with the drill head ), in the so-called drilling cellar . The stabilization of the pipe string in the borehole is done through the incorporation of cement into the annulus cavity between said tubes and rock or between the individual piping.
Other holes
Identical or similar as pipe strings called constructions are also in the operation of underground storage facilities and crimping - and geothermal systems as well as Grundwasserförder- and measurement wells (then often made of plastic pipes) are used. Also cased holes for ventilation of mines .
literature
- Rudolf Schwarzmeier, Horst Voigt: Deep drilling technology - borehole construction. VEB German publishing house for basic industry, Leipzig 1977, hgn-beratung.de (PDF; 1.9 MB).
- Wirtschaftsverband Erdöl- und Erdgasgewinnung e. V .: WEG guideline “Practice of hydraulic borehole treatment for conventional storage rock .” As of June 2014, erdoel-erdgas.de (PDF; 2.7 MB).
- Christiane Martin, Manfred Eiblmaier (Ed.): Lexicon of Geosciences . In six volumes. Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Heidelberg [u. a.] 2000-2002.
Web links
- Schematic representation of a borehole construction. Website of the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources
Individual evidence
- ^ Encyclopedia of mining . In: Hans Grothe, Hermann Franke (Ed.): Lueger Lexikon der Technik . 4th completely revised and expanded edition. tape 4 : Mining . Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1962, p. 432 .