Russell J. Hemley

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Russell Julian Hemley (born October 26, 1954 in Berkeley , California ) is an American geophysicist, solid-state physicist and physical chemist.

Life

Hemley grew up in California, Colorado, and Utah. He studied chemistry and philosophy at Wesleyan University with a bachelor's degree in 1977 and Physical Chemistry at Harvard University , where he made his 1980 master's degree and in 1983 Veronica Vaida with the work Studies of vibronic excitations in conjugated molecules doctorate was. As a post-doctoral student he was at Harvard University and from 1986 was a Carnegie Fellow at the Geophysical Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution in Washington DC. In 1987 he became a permanent member of the laboratory, of which he later became director.

In 1991/92 he was visiting scholar at the Johns Hopkins University and in 1996 at the École normal supérieure de Lyon .

Hemley investigates the properties of matter under high pressures with applications in geophysics, geochemistry and planetology, but also applications in solid state physics (for example hydrogen under pressures in the megabar range, generation of novel superconductors, magnetic structures, glasses and superhard materials under high pressures) and Chemistry (new compounds under high pressures). He works experimentally (generation of high prints with diamond anvil cells and spectroscopic methods for this) and theoretically, whereby he also developed the experimental methods (microscopic laser-optical and X-ray diffraction analysis in situ, synchrotron radiation sources). He worked with Ho-kwang Mao on the constant expansion of the pressure range up to conditions in the earth's core: in 1975 they reached 0.6 megabars for studies in the deeper earth's mantle, in 1976 they exceeded 1 megabar (studies of the earth core-mantle boundary), 1984 over 2 megabars and were thus in the area of ​​the earth's core. They not only examined minerals as they occur in the earth's interior, but also gases and liquids to simulate the conditions within the large gas planets Jupiter and Saturn. In particular, they also investigated the behavior of hydrogen at high pressure in the megabar range.

He has published over 490 works as an author and co-author.

In 2005 he received the Balzan Prize with Ho-kwang Mao and in 2009 the Bridgman Award . He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , the National Academy of Sciences (2001), the American Geophysical Union, and the American Physical Society . He has been a member of the JASON Defense Advisory Group since 2003 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ biographical data, publications and Academic pedigree of Russell J. Hemley at academictree.org, accessed on February 9, 2018th
  2. ↑ Mao, Bell, Hemley Ultrahigh pressures: Optical observations and Raman measurements of hydrogen and deuterium to 1.47 Mbar , Phys. Rev. Letters, Volume 55, 1985, pp. 99-102, numerous other works followed, summarized in Mao, Hemley Ultrahigh pressure transformations in solid hydrogen , Reviews of Modern Physics, Volume 66, 1994, pp. 671-692
personal data
SURNAME Hemley, Russell J.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hemley, Russell Julian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American chemist and geophysicist
DATE OF BIRTH October 26, 1954
PLACE OF BIRTH Berkeley