Saxon State School

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Saxon State School
Saxon State School

The Saxon State School was a reform pedagogical school on Königsbrücker Strasse on Thümmelberg in the Dresden district of Klotzsche . The buildings are now used by the Institute for Work and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance .

history

The Saxon State School was founded in 1920 as a successor to the disbanded cadet institute. The aim was to train and educate talented students in the spirit of a humanistic-bourgeois educational ideal according to reform pedagogical principles. In 1925 it was decided to build a new boarding school on the Thümmelsberg on the outskirts of Klotzsche. The school complex, at the time it was built, was the largest boarding school in Saxony, and consisted of teaching and farm buildings, an auditorium, sports facilities and student and teacher apartments. Two renowned architects could be won for the realization. The classroom building and gymnasium were designed by Oskar Kramer , the six student dormitories and the festival building with cafeteria and auditorium were designed by Heinrich Tessenow . In 1926 it started working.

As part of the National Socialist educational policy, the state school was closed in 1934 and now served as a National Political Educational Institution (NAPOLA). In this context, it was given the name Rudolf Schröter School after the Dresden Hitler Youth Rudolf Schröter, who was shot in Leipzig on February 12, 1931 during clashes between Nazis and Communists . The aim of the institution was to educate the next generation of leaders for the National Socialist state. The facility was the only one of its kind in Saxony and, in addition to classic subjects, also provided a strict ideological pre-military training.

From 1945 to 1992 the buildings served as barracks for the Soviet Army (11th Guards Panzer Division). From 1995 the buildings were refurbished in accordance with listed buildings and have been used as the Academy of the German Social Accident Insurance since 2002 (since 2010: Institute for Work and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance). Since then, part of the complex has also housed the Academy Hotel.

Building description

The building complex was built in a " uniform monumental ... abstracted neoclassical style with clear forms " based on the example of the Hellerau Festival Hall , which is around 15 years older . Master builder Heinrich Tessenow continued this style in the design of the state school. The so-called “conservative modernity” followed the reform architecture from the time before the First World War and supplemented it with modern elements. Further Dresden examples of this style are the settlement buildings created by Otto Schubert , the German Hygiene Museum by Wilhelm Kreis (1929–1930) and the Luftgaukommando established in Dresden-Strehlen between 1939–1940 .

All buildings are grouped symmetrically around a rectangular courtyard. These were farm buildings and housed the necessary classrooms as well as the student and teacher apartments. Wall corridors connect the student residential buildings with one another. A so-called “festival building” served as a cafeteria with its ground floor and an auditorium on the upper floor. On the courtyard side there are pergolas made of reinforced concrete, which give the courtyard area a "uniform monumental appearance".

The facades show little architectural decoration. In the courtyard area there are relief panels above the doors with an antique school scene: a teacher and three naked boys, together with a representation of the globe and a dove of peace, embody the goal of humanistic education. Decorative ornaments were attached to the pillar capitals at the main entrance. Most of the facades are clad with differently colored sandstone, the roofs were covered with gray slate from the Ore Mountains. The design of the open spaces took place in the 1990s by restrained planting with various perennials and embedding the facility in the adjoining Dresden Heath .

literature

  • Study rooms. From the Dresden State School to the Academy . Sandstein Verlag, Dresden 2009, ISBN 978-3-940319-77-7 .
  • Reconstruction of the Landesschule Klotzsche, Dresden (1927 Heinrich Tessenow, Oskar Kramer) . In: Bauwelt. Glass theme . 5, Bertelsmann, Berlin 2001.
  • Holger Gantz: 100 buildings in Dresden: A guide to buildings of historical and architectural importance . Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 1997, ISBN 3-7954-1111-4 .

Web links

Commons : Sächsische Landesschule  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Klotzsche website (Schools section) - accessed on April 5, 2013.
  2. ↑ Blurb on learning rooms. From the Dresden State School to the Academy. Sandstein Verlag, Dresden 2009, ISBN 978-3-940319-77-7 .
  3. ↑ State School, Königsbrücker Straße, 1925-27, Heinrich Tessenow, Oskar Kramer. Picture no. 285, In: Gilbert Lupfer, Bernhard Sterra, Martin Wörner (Hrsg.): Architekturführer Dresden . Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-496-01179-3 .
  4. ↑ Gantz, pp. 90–91 No. 98 (Landesschule Sachsen Dresden-Klotzsche, architects: Oskar Kramer and Heinrich Tessenow, construction time: around 1925).
  5. ↑ Sächsische Landesschule Klotzsche - Neoclassicism, regionalism and a social utopia on das-neue-dresden.de , accessed on May 3, 2018.

Coordinates: 51 ° 6 ′ 25.9 ″  N , 13 ° 46 ′ 38 ″  E