SŽD series Л (1945)
| SŽD series Л (L) | |
|---|---|
 Л 5248 in Bologoje
|
|
| Numbering: | different numbering |
| Number: | 4,200 |
| Manufacturer: | Kolomna Locomotive Factory , Luhansk Locomotive Factory , Bryansk Locomotive Factory |
| Year of construction (s): | 1945–1955 |
| Retirement: | not specified |
| Axis formula : | 1'E h2 |
| Gauge : | 1,524 mm |
| Length over coupling: | 23,745 mm |
| Length: | 13,796 mm |
| Height: | 4,990 mm |
| Empty mass: | up to 1952: 92 t from 1953: 93 t |
| Service mass: | up to 1952: 102.1 t from 1953: 103 t |
| Friction mass: | 90.1 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 17.8 t - 18.2 t |
| Top speed: | 80 km / h |
| Indexed performance : | –2,200 hp |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,500 mm |
| Impeller diameter front: | 900 mm |
| Control type : | Heusinger |
| Number of cylinders: | 2 |
| Cylinder diameter: | 650 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 800 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 14 bar |
| Grate area: | 6 m² |
| Superheater area : | 113.5 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 222.3 m² |
| Tender: | П33 |
| Service weight of the tender: | 36 t |
| Water supply: | 28 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 18 t |
| Particularities: | Boxpok wheelsets |
The locomotives of the class SŽD class Л (German transcription L) were steam locomotives of the Soviet railways (SŽD) in Russian broad gauge . It is considered to be the most built steam locomotive of the SŽD and was preferably used in freight train service nationwide on non-electrified routes. It got its name after the chief designer of the Kolomna locomotive factory , Lev Lebedjanski . Before that, it was the first machine built after the Great Patriotic War to be called "Победа".
prehistory
The locomotive is considered a further development of the FD series locomotive built before the Second World War . Preparatory work on the locomotive began as early as 1942, because at that time the Kolomna locomotive factory , which had been outsourced due to war events, could be rebuilt. At the same time, considerations were made about the construction of the new locomotive to be built. Before the war, the Kolomna locomotive factory could only manufacture locomotives with sheet metal frames. However, the company preferred the more robust bar frame. As a result, when the factory was rebuilt, the work equipment for processing the bar frame was also put in place.
The experience with the test locomotive FD 21-3128 was also taken into account in the project planning . The new steam locomotive should therefore also have an economical steam engine, i.e. work according to the principle of Sergei Syromjatnikow .
Design and construction
The locomotive was created after a tender, in which the design by the design office of the Kolomna locomotive factory won first prize. It should be able to run freely on all SŽD lines and should preferably be used as a freight locomotive. On October 5, 1945, the first machine of the new steam locomotive was built. It was tested on the route from Kolomna to Rybnoye and back, with a train with a mass of 2,300 t on the return journey. The locomotive had the Soviet factory designation П32 and initially the official designation П-0001, where "П" stood for "Победа" (victory).
The locomotive performed well in operational service. This was expressed in the awarding of the Stalin Prize to the team under the chief designer Lev Lebedjansky. This was certainly the reason why the locomotives were given the designation "Л" from 1947 onwards due to a party congress resolution.
A total of 4200 examples of this most frequently built locomotive type of the SŽD were produced. These were produced by three locomotive works, the Kolomna locomotive factory (1762 machines), the Luhansk locomotive factory (2048 machines) and the Bryansk locomotive factory (389 machines). There were different rules for the numbering within the plants, so that no continuous numbering can be assumed. The last locomotive built was number Л-5307. A locomotive built at the Luhansk Locomotive Factory , designated Л K −4276, had the status of a test locomotive and was not taken over by the State Railways.
technical description
The class Л steam locomotive is a single-frame freight locomotive of the type 1'E h2. The five coupling axles are firmly mounted in the bar frame, the leading axle is mounted in a Bissel frame and thus radially adjustable in the curve. The steam engine is designed as a simple two-cylinder engine. The third coupled axle is the driving axle. The locomotives were equipped with Boxpok wheelsets .
Although the locomotive is considerably smaller than the SŽD series ФД , it has considerable performance parameters (up to 2200 hp). The grate surface of the large fire box has the enormous dimensions of 6 m². The machine is considered highly economical according to the principles of Sergei Syromjatnikow, i.e. with an increase in the temperature for the boiler feed water , with an increase in the temperature for the combustion air and an increase in the temperature of the superheated steam. The successor series ЛВ was able to achieve an overall efficiency of 9.3% as the most economical locomotive.
business
The locomotives kept what they promised and were considered universal machines. However, it can be assumed that they were used practically throughout the country until they could be replaced by the change in traction. Many locomotives have been preserved, such as B. the prototype locomotive Л-0001, the Л-0054 or the Л-3516 and the Л-4657 as monuments, the Л-2344, Л-3653, Л-3494 and Л-2057 are still operational in tourist traffic.
Further development
The design of the locomotive was the basis for the subsequent design of the SŽD series ЛВ .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Internet site about the L series locomotives ( Memento of the original from January 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Internet page about the L-3516 locomotive ( Memento of the original from January 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Internet page about the L-4657 locomotive
