SŽD series ТЭ3
| SŽD series ТЭ3 | |
|---|---|
 ТЭ3-2068
|
|
| Number: | 6808 |
| Manufacturer: |
Kharkov locomotive factory Kolomna plant Luhansk locomotive factory |
| Year of construction (s): | 1953-1973 |
| Axis formula : | Co'Co '+ Co'Co' |
| Gauge : | 1520 mm |
| Length over coupling: | Single locomotive: 16,974 mm Double locomotive: 33,948 mm |
| Height: | 4825 mm |
| Bogie axle base: | 4200 mm |
| Total wheelbase: | Single locomotive: 12,800 mm |
| Service mass: | Single locomotive: 126 t Double locomotive: 252 t |
| Friction mass: | Single locomotive: 126 t Double locomotive: 252 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 21 t |
| Top speed: | 100 km / h |
| Installed capacity: | 2 × 2000 hp |
| Starting tractive effort: | Single locomotive: 38,100 kp |
| Wheel diameter: | 1050 mm |
| Motor type: | 2D100 |
| Motor type: | Ten cylinder two-stroke opposed piston diesel engine |
| Rated speed: | 850 min -1 |
| Power transmission: | electric |
| Tank capacity: | 2 × 5440 l |
| Number of traction motors: | 12 |
| Drive: | diesel-electric |
| Coupling type: | SA-3 (central buffer coupling) |
The locomotives of the SŽD series ТЭ3 (German transcription TE 3) of the Soviet Railways (SŽD) are wide-gauge diesel locomotives primarily for freight train service.
history
As a further development of the SŽD series ТЭ2 , the locomotive with two 2000 HP engine power was built in 1953 at the Kharkov locomotive factory . The basic concept of the proven series ТЭ2 was retained. However, the equipment with a more powerful and therefore heavier diesel engine made it necessary to equip it with two three-axle bogies.
The locomotive plant in Kharkov produced the prototype in 1953, and test drives were carried out in the Donets Basin in the same year . The good operating results prompted the SŽD to stop purchasing steam locomotives, instead several factories were used for the production of the locomotive to meet the increasing demand for diesel locomotives. In addition to the Kharkov locomotive factory, the Kolomna plant and the Luhansk locomotive factory also delivered over 6,800 locomotives in 20 years of production. The locomotives delivered by the Kolomna plant were given serial numbers from ТЭ3-1001, those manufactured in the Luhansk locomotive factory from ТЭ3-2001. Numerous details have been improved over the years. Since 1963 only the locomotive factory in Voroshilovgrad produced the locomotive.
Due to the need for locomotives with a total of 6000 hp, the locomotive works in Voroshilovgrad manufactured a series of three-part machines based on the ТЭ3, which had some improvements compared to the locomotives from Kharkov, such as transition options through all three locomotive parts. When diesel locomotives with 3000 HP engine power were available ( SŽD series ТЭ10 ), the three-part locomotives were rebuilt into two-part ones.
The locomotives handled freight train service on the non-electrified lines of the USSR for decades and are the most widespread series. Photos also prove the use in passenger train service. It also happened that the locomotives served as a single locomotive.
Given the large number of items produced, it can be assumed that some of the models in the series have been in service for over 60 years. The basic concept is robust and formed the basis for the M62 series, which is widespread in Central Europe .
Technical descriptions
Like its predecessor series , the locomotive is a double locomotive that consists of two coupled identical sections, each section can also be used individually.
The frame is a welded steel construction consisting of longitudinal or cross members. The structure is subdivided into the front driver's cab and the engine room. The straight rear wall is provided with a front wall door, which leads to the pedestrian crossing protected with a bellows to the second half of the locomotive.
A ten-cylinder two-stroke diesel engine was selected as the drive unit, which is connected to the main generator via a multi-plate clutch. The main generator supplies the six traction motors with traction power. The traction motors are connected in pairs to form three parallel circles.
The auxiliary operations were taken over from the previous type and improved. They proved their worth and were easy to maintain and maintain, even under the extreme operating conditions on the SŽD tracks. This explains the large number of locomotives and their long service life.
Further developments
For use in passenger train service, a passenger train variant was developed in the Kharkov locomotive factory from 1955, which was essentially based on the basic variant. The driver's cab and the gear ratio pinion / large wheel were changed. This locomotive, designated ТЭ7, was designed for a top speed of 140 km / h. From 1956 the prototype locomotive was built, with which test drives were then carried out on the Moscow - Leningrad route .
With minor improvements, another six units were produced in Charkow in 1957 and another eight in 1960. The locomotive works in Voroshilovgrad also delivered a series of ТЭ7 in 1963/64. A total of 113 locomotives were manufactured.
Another design called for a locomotive construction, also on the basic type, for 160 km / h. In this development, the three axles of each bogie were to be driven by a common electric motor. This variant, known as ТЭ8, was not carried out, however.
See also
literature
- Wolfgang Glatte; Lothar Reinhardt: Diesel Locomotive Archive. Diesel locomotives d. German Reichsbahn-Ges., D. German Reichsbahn u. other europ. Railway administrations. Transpress publ. f. Transport VEB, Berlin 1970.
Web links
- Photo of the ТЭ3-1001 from 2006 on Bahnbilder.de