SCORM
The SCORM ( S harable C ontent O bject R eference M odel ) is a reference model for removable electronic learning contents of the Advanced Distributed Learning . SCORM comprises a (variable) collection of standards and specifications from various sources in order to enable simple interchangeability, general access and reusability in different environments of web-based learning content (e-learning). The proposal for a successor standard has been available since 2013 with the Experience API .
Components
As of version SCORM 2004, SCORM consists of four essential documents that are available in English: Overview , Content Aggregation Model , Run-Time Environment and Sequencing and Navigation . Authoring tools and learning platforms currently only support the previous version SCORM 1.2 , in which the aspect of sequencing and navigation is not yet taken into account.
Overview
The overview document describes the history and vision of SCORM and gives an introduction to the following three parts and their relationships.
Content Aggregation Model (CAM)
The CAM describes the resources that can be used in learning packages, as well as the options for combining and structuring resources into distributable learning packages. In particular, files in the most varied of formats or URLs can be used as resources . These are organized in hierarchies called Organizations . In addition, metadata can be specified for such a structured learning package , which enables a targeted search for learning content on the basis of descriptions, key words and the like. The overall package is defined by a so-called manifest file in XML format.
Run-Time Environment (RTE)
The RTE describes the runtime-related behavior of a learning management system (LMS), the interface from the LMS to the learning packages specified in CAM and the use of user data during runtime. For example, user preferences can be saved, learning progress recorded and learning objectives defined.
The three components are:
- Launch
- Application Programming Interface (API)
- Data model
The SN specification describes how the order in which learning content is presented can be varied by navigating the user. For this purpose, so-called activity trees are described, which define possible sequences depending on user actions.
Institutions involved
The Advanced Distributed Learning Initiative tries to use SCORM to bring together the work of the following standardization groups:
- AICC - Aviation Industry Computer-Based Training Committee
- DCMI - Dublin Core Meta-data Initiative
- IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
- IMS Global Learning Consortium
- As a European institution, the Ariadne Foundation of the European Union and Switzerland is involved in the standardization process. However, this has not yet contributed a complete partial document.
See also
Web links
- ADL SCORM resources , especially Technical Specification (4th Ed.)