SIAT 223 flamingo

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
SIAT 223 MBB Flamingo
SIAT 223 A1
Type: A1
Design country:

GermanyGermany Germany

Manufacturer:

Siebel Flugzeugwerke-ATG GmbH Donauwörth

First flight:

March 1, 1967

Commissioning:

1968

Production time:

1967-1986

Number of pieces:

96

The SIAT 223 Flamingo is a trainer aircraft made by the German manufacturer Siebelwerke-ATG, Donauwörth.

Emergence

With the revival of civil aviation in Germany after 1955, there was a need for suitable training aircraft. At Siebel Flugzeugwerke -ATG in Donauwörth, too, they remembered the tradition in aircraft construction. As early as 1938, the Siebel Si 202 Hummel was a successful design. In 1956 the decision was made to plan the Siebel Si 222 Super Hummel, from which the Siebel Siat 222 was developed in 1959 . The first flight took place in 1961. During the final spin test, the test pilot and well-known aerobatic master Albert Falderbaum was killed. If the center of gravity was at the rear, the back spin could not be ended and Falderbaum got caught with the parachute when he got out. After this accident the project was stopped. In 1960 Siebel-ATG took part in a competition for a light training aircraft, advertised by the Federal Ministry of Economics. The Siebel design SIAT 223, developed from the SIAT 222, won 1st prize. In 1966 the SIAT 223 was presented as a dummy for the first time at the aviation fair in Hanover.

history

The SIAT 223 / K aircraft is the first German post-war development that allows training in almost all aerobatic maneuvers (two-seater). The first flight of the V1 with the registration D-ECRO took place on March 1, 1967 by Herbert Plasa from Laupheim airfield. The aircraft was developed by Siebel Flugzeugwerke -ATG, a subsidiary of Waggon- und Maschinenbau GmbH Donauwörth (WMD), in which Bölkow GmbH has been the main shareholder since 1965 and which has belonged to the MBB Group since 1968 , today EADS . The type certificate was issued in July 1968 and series production began that same year.

The name Flamingo has a long tradition in aircraft construction at MBB. The Udet U 12 Flamingo, built by the Bayerische Flugzeugwerke (later renamed Messerschmitt AG), was considered the best training aircraft in the 1920s. First of all, four pre-series aircraft of the S 223 were manufactured, which were tested at Lufthansa and Swissair and shown at domestic and international aviation trade fairs. The development costs amounted to almost 5 million DM. In 1968 series production started at the Laupheim plant. A first series of 125 of the award-winning school, artificial and touring aircraft was to be built. During the flight tests of the V4, which was intended as a prototype for the aerobatic version with a Lycoming AIO-360-A1A engine, the propeller's adjustment mechanism broke and the machine was irreparably damaged during the subsequent emergency landing.

The first ten SIAT 223 Flamingo with the serial numbers 11 to 20 were produced for the Swissair flight school in Hausen am Albis, the last being the first serial aerobatic version K-1. They were retired from Swissair in 1983 and six flew again in 2010 with a German registration. 15 machines in the aerobatic version were delivered to the Turkish Air Force for beginner training. The introductory price at that time was 75,000 DM. There they were taken out of service until 1990 and all but three were scrapped. Lufthansa did not choose the SIAT 223, but ordered the Beech Debonair . It was hoped that the Bundeswehr would also be a customer, but they did not want to switch from the Piaggio 149 . The production costs of the S 223 amounted to 125,000 DM per aircraft, since 9,000 hours were actually needed instead of the planned 3,000 working hours. Flamingo production in Laupheim was stopped in 1970 and the production facilities were stored. Through the mediation of Willy Messerschmitt , the building license was granted to Hispano Aviacon by Flugzeug-Union Süd GmbH (FUS) in 1971 and passed on to the Spanish CASA in 1972 . From 1972 to 1974 it took over the SIAT 223 production in Seville as CASA C-223 Flamingo . From this production one flamingo went to the Spanish Air Force, four were registered as civil and 45 went to the Syrian Air Force. The Swiss aircraft manufacturer Farner (Grenchen) built a further 17 Flamingo K-1s for Syria from 1977 after MBB took over the license in 1975. A started production for Turkey was no longer completed. In 1979, under the direction of Biterolf Essenfelder, Farner converted a Spanish-made Flamingo (the first machine built in Spain with the serial number 151 that suffered rolling damage in 1974) to a turbo-charged TO-360-C1A6D engine with 154 kW and a three-blade propeller, the improved version 223T1 was created. The first flight of the D-EFWC took place on April 25, 1979 in Grenchen by Hermann Liese. In 1986 a Porsche PFM 3200 aircraft engine (first flight on April 16, 1986) was installed in this aircraft and presented at the ILA Hanover as the MBB223A-4. After the donation in August 1992, this aircraft is now in the Schleissheim aircraft yard . Series production of the SIAT 223 was no longer possible due to insufficient demand. A total of 96 SIAT 223 were built, 29 in Germany, 50 in Spain and 17 in Switzerland. In 2009 eight flamingos were still flying in Germany (2 V1, 1 K1, 5 A1), one in Spain and a few in Syria.

MBB 223 Flamingo PFM in the Schleissheim airfield

construction

The SIAT 223 Flamingo is a 2 + 2-seater, cantilevered low-wing aircraft in all-metal construction. The fuselage is made of aluminum using a shell construction. The aluminum wings have a main and an auxiliary spar. The main spar is designed as a box profile within the fuselage and as a C construction in the wing surfaces. The main spars are permanently connected via the box profile and a spar bridge. The surface profile NACA 642-A-215 was used for the rectangular wings. With the control stick, the ailerons and the elevator are operated via rods. The rudder is operated via cables. Ailerons and rudder are connected to each other by a spring to achieve a jet-like flight behavior. The aircraft is trimmable on all 3 axes. The controls are smooth, well balanced and precise. The landing flaps are operated electrically. It has a towed, rigid landing gear with an unguided nose wheel. The braking system used comes from Goodyear. The sliding hood of the cockpit allows an excellent all-round view from the spacious, 1.12 m wide cabin. A maintenance hatch in the fuselage paneling, between the fire bulkhead and the windshield, enables easy access to the avionics. Cowling and edge arches are made of GRP. The use of many identical, recurring parts made the aircraft inexpensive to produce. Great importance was attached to a stable construction. The drive motor is the Lycoming IO-360 C1B boxer motor and the AIO-360 A acro version. The TO-360 motor and the Porsche PFM 3200 were used in prototypes . The propeller is a Constant Speed ​​Propeller Hartzell HC-C2YK-1B. A Hofmann 3-blade propeller was installed in conjunction with the Porsche engine. The wing tanks have a total of 170 l (V models: 220 l). The Acroversion K1 has an inverted flight lubrication and an inverted flight tank.

use

The SIAT 223 trainer was developed as a robust training aircraft for aspiring jet pilots from Lufthansa , Swissair and for initial military training. It should be a 3-seater trainer with a higher wing loading, stronger engine, controllable pitch propeller and aerobatic capability.

A version as a spray plane was also developed.

Versions

  • V1 pre-series version
  • A1 Utility / Normal conditionally suitable for aerobatics
  • K1 Acroversion
  • T1 Improved version with turbocharger
  • M4 with Porsche PFM 3200

Technical specifications

Parameter Data
Seats 2 + 2
length 7.43 m
span 8.28 m
height 2.70 m
Wing area 11.5 m²
Wing loading 91.3 kg / m²
Resilience +6 g / −4 g
Take-off run 220 m
Empty mass 685 kg
Takeoff mass 1050 kg
Cruising speed 117 kts
Top speed 131 kts
Max. speed 165 kts
Service ceiling 12,300 ft
Range 880 km
Engine a Lycoming IO-360 C1B

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : MBB 223 Flamingo  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Good concepts without luck . In: FliegerRevue , March 2011, pp. 56–59