Sanjo (music)
| Korean spelling | |
|---|---|
| Korean alphabet : | 산조 |
| Hanja : | 散 調 |
| Revised Romanization : | Sanjo |
| McCune-Reischauer : | Sanjo |
Sanjo ( Chinese - Korean ), also Korean heoteun garak ("scattered melody"), is a solo style of Korean folk music in which a melody instrument is accompanied by a drum , usually the hourglass-shaped janggu . The origins of the Sanjo, developed at the end of the 19th century, lie in the music of the southwestern Jeolla-do Province , the epic pansori singing style and the shamanistic ritual music, from which the improvised instrumental style Sinawi also emerged.
The Sanjo style was initially developed for the twelve -string vaulted board zither gayageum , later expanded to include practically all Korean melodic instruments, especially the six-string geomungo zither , the seven-string bowed zither ajaeng , the two-string fidel haegeum and wind instruments, including the cone oboes piri and soenapoen piri and soenapoen (corresponds to the Chinese suona ) and the bamboo flute daegeum . Sanjo has been taught at music colleges since the 1960s.
It is a modal music based on different rhythmic cycles similar to the Indian râga. There are three main modes (jo) used in the sanjo, described in the 1763 Ballad from the Eastern Sea . The language images refer to events and people in Chinese history, but the musical context is clearly Korean.
Modes: (the description describes the character of the modes)
- pyongjo: In the "Southern Hall of Fragrances" the mystical Emperor Shun (2255 to 2205 BC) appeased the indignation of the people with a piece on the five-string qin . The mode of these sounds must be upright and mild.
- ujo: General Xiang Yu leaps on his horse, roaring with rage, and ten thousand soldiers tremble with fear. This mode sounds transparent and magnificent.
- kyemynjo: When Wang Jiao-zhun leaves the Han courtyard to the north, there is a snowstorm and the wind blows cold. This mode is full of sadness and sadness.
Another traditional mode is kyongdurum , which represents the haughty sophistication of the capital. This sanjo begins with very slow rhythmic patterns that gradually accelerate.
About the Sung Gumyun School: Sung Gumyun ( kor. 성금연 , Hanja 成 錦 鳶 ; 1923–1986) was named the first “living cultural heritage” for Gayageum-Sanjo in 1968 (an honor that is difficult to understand for Western Europeans). When she emigrated to the United States in 1975, the government revoked her title. The Sung-Gumyun-Sanjo is known for its concentrated and concise expression in detail, but with a duration of over an hour it is also one of the most expansive Sanjo in terms of time.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hee-sun Kim: Music of Sanjo. (PDF; 774 kB)
- ^ Keith Howard: Professional Music: Instrumental. (PDF; 591 kB) p. 128 f.
- ↑ 성금연, Hanja 成 錦 鳶. koreandb.nate.com, archived from the original on November 6, 2013 ; Retrieved December 25, 2015 (Korean).