Saul Rosenzweig

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Saul Rosenzweig (born 1907 ; died August 9, 2004 in Saint Louis ) was an American psychologist and psychotherapist who, on the basis of his investigations into the common factors of psychotherapy and his research on human aggression and a test procedure named after him for frustration tolerance got known.

life and work

Saul Rosenzweig studied psychology at Harvard College , where he received his doctorate in 1932 . He was a fellow student of BF Skinner , with whom he was friends. After graduation, he worked in Massachusetts at Worcester State Hospital and Clark University and continued his career as a senior psychologist at the Western State Psychiatric Institute.

In 1949 he became a professor in the Department of Psychology at Washington University in St. Louis . He worked in the field of experimental psychology , but repeatedly made connections to other psychological directions, in particular to psychoanalysis . As one of the few psychologists of his time, he tried to overcome the contrast between depth psychology and scientific-experimental approaches in psychology and to investigate certain aspects of psychoanalysis experimentally.

Rosenzweig studied the phenomenon of human aggression from a clinical and historical point of view as well as experimentally. As an important factor influencing the development of aggression, he developed a theory of frustration and coined the term frustration tolerance as an individual ability. For psychometric measurement he developed the Rosenzweig Picture Frustration Test , named after him , which, as a projective test , is divided into a version for children and one for adults.

In an essay published in 1933, he first drew attention to the influence of backgrounds such as gender , ethnic and social origin of test subjects on the experiments carried out in social psychology .

In 1936, by comparing different forms of psychotherapy, he showed that successful psychotherapies have more similarities than differences. He compared the already existing rivalry between the various schools of psychotherapy with the competition between the animals in Alice in Wonderland and created the analogy that this competition was a Dodo Bird Verdict . He anticipated a mediating position as it was in the 1990s a. a. by Martin Seligman after extensive cross-school consumer studies.

Rosenzweig corresponded with many important 20th century thinkers, including Sigmund Freud . In his lectures on psychoanalysis he used Freud's travel diary and other sources that were previously inaccessible. He wrote a book about the historically significant meeting of Sigmund Freud, CG Jung and Granville Stanley Hall in 1909 at Clark University.

Publications

  • Freud and Experimental Psychology: The Emergence of Idiodynamics. Rana House, 1986, ISBN 0-930172-04-3
  • Freud, Jung and Hall: The Expedition to America (1909) . Hogrefe Publishing, 1992, ISBN 978-0-88937-110-1
  • with Kate L. Kogan: Psychodiagnosis. Grune and Stratton, New York, 1950
  • The Rosenzweig PF test: part: form for adults. German adaptation by Hans Hörmann and Wolfgang Moog. Verlag für Psychologie Hogrefe, Göttingen 1957
  • The Rosenzweig PF test. Part: shape for children. German adaptation by Erna Duhm and Jutta Hansen. Verlag für Psychologie Hogrefe, Göttingen 1957
  • Some Implicit Common Factors in Diverse Methods of Psychotherapy. 1936. Reprint: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , Volume 6, Issue 3, 2010, doi: 10.1111 / j.1939-0025.1936.tb05248.x

literature

  • Udo Rauchfleisch: Handbook for the Rosenzweig picture frustration test (PFT) . Volume 1: Basics, previous results and possible uses of the PFT . Huber-Verlag, Bern / Göttingen / Toronto / Seattle 1979, ISBN 978-3-456-80617-4 .
  • Udo Rauchfleisch: Handbook for the Rosenzweig picture frustration test (PFT) . Volume 2: Manual for performing the PFT and recalibrating the test forms for children and adults . Huber-Verlag, Bern / Göttingen / Toronto / Seattle 1979, ISBN 978-3-456-80618-1

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Obituary by Saul Rosenzweig. (English)
  2. ^ Mark Kaufman: In memoriam: The idioverse of Saul Rosenzweig (1907-2004) . In: Journal of Psychotherapy Integration , 2007, 17 (4), pp. 363-368, doi: 10.1037 / 1053-0479.17.4.363
  3. ↑ Saul Rosenzweig: The Experimental Situation as a Psychological Problem. In: Psychological Review 40, July 1933, pp. 337-354
  4. ^ Andrew R. Heinze: Jews and the American Soul: Human Nature in the Twentieth Century . Princeton University Press, 2004, ISBN 978-0-691-11755-3 , p. 380.
  5. ^ Saul Rosenzweig: Some Implicit Common Factors in Diverse Methods of Psychotherapy. 1936, doi: 10.1111 / j.1939-0025.1936.tb05248.x
  6. ↑ Martin Seligman: The effectiveness of psychotherapy. The Consumer Report Study. In: Integrative Therapie , 22 (4), 1996, pp. 264-287
  7. ^ Saul Rosenzweig: Freud, Jung and Hall: The Expedition to America (1909) . Hogrefe Publishing 1992. ISBN 978-0-88937-110-1
personal data
SURNAME Rosenzweig, Saul
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American psychologist and psychotherapist
DATE OF BIRTH 1907
DATE OF DEATH August 9, 2004
Place of death Saint Louis