Hamburg slaughterhouse
The Schlachthof Hamburg is a group of buildings in Hamburg-St. Pauli , which was operated as a slaughterhouse until 1996. The area separates the Karolinenviertel in Hamburg-St. Pauli from the Schanzenviertel .
history
Like many other facilities that were either noisy or dangerous, took up a lot of space or were associated with disruptive emissions, the central slaughterhouse was moved from the inner city of Hamburg to the suburbs. From 1611 to 1839 it had been located on the Herrlichkeitfleet in the middle of the southern city center and was moved from there to the Johannisbollwerk near the " Vorsetzen " in the southern part of the New Town . The rapid population growth in the city and thus the need for building land for the large numbers of rental apartments being built in narrow “corridors” and “terraces” soon made it necessary to move again.
Since cattle markets had been held in the north of St. Pauli on the border with Altona since the end of the 18th century and the central market for cattle and sheep took place on the Heiligengeistfeld from 1862, Hamburg's new slaughterhouse was built in the immediate vicinity of the Central Viehhof.
This consisted of two parts, which were built in several construction phases between 1865 and 1888 south of the Hamburg-Altona connecting railway and the Sternschanze station and in the northwest of the Heiligengeistfeld. The construction phases included:
- the centralization of the pig and calf market at the new Sternschanze station (from 1866, initially provisional);
- the first cattle yard at Sternschanze station (opened in 1867);
- the addition of the cattle yard on the Sternschanze with the construction of a mutton and calf shed (1885 / 86–92);
- the construction and commissioning of the new Hamburg-Altonaer Central slaughter cattle market in the north-western area of the Heiligengeistfeld (1887–1897, from 1930 partially converted into a cold store);
- the construction of the first central cattle market hall on Neuen Kamp, mainly for the cattle and sheep trade (1887/88).
Central slaughterhouse
Between the two parts of the cattle market there was the ideal space for the new "Central-Schlachthof". He gave work to many of the neighborhood's residents. Businesses that supplied the processing companies buying here with accessories shaped the cityscape here and in the neighboring Schanzenviertel. These included spice factories, manufacturers of scales and manufacturers of technical equipment for meat processing.
The expansion and renovation of the slaughterhouse also included numerous construction phases, among others
- 1884–89 the construction of the “Contumaz facility” for pigs and cattle between Kampstrasse and Asylstrasse (today: Vorwerkstrasse), which was mainly used as a quarantine station for cattle from the 1890s;
- 1889–92 the construction of the new "Central-Schlachthof", which was opened and put into operation on October 10, 1892;
- 1895 the opening of the horse slaughterhouse;
- 1913 the completion of a new cattle slaughterhouse, today's "old cattle slaughterhouse";
- 1933 The new pig slaughterhouse on the eastern Lagerstraße goes into operation.
The slaughterhouse was connected to the neighboring cattle markets by several “Trift tunnels”. These led under Lagerstraße and - parallel to the underground line - underneath Neuer Kamp street. This cattle tunnel was abandoned in 1980 due to the risk of collapse, although it had served as the entrance to the supermarket until the end, which had now been built in the former cattle market hall . Another - long-forgotten - tunnel that ran under Lagerstraße between the former cattle loading facilities at Sternschanzenbahnhof and the slaughterhouse suddenly reappeared in the winter of 2004/05 when the entire site was turned into a construction site in preparation for an expansion of the Hamburg Messe . In contrast to the tunnel under the Neuer Kamp, it was not backfilled, but some sections of it were still accessible, but it was completely demolished to make way for the foundations of the new exhibition halls.
Kampstrasse
In the Second World War partially destroyed building of the "St. Pauli-Markthallen ”and the slaughterhouse were rebuilt and expanded from 1951/52. These expansions resulted in the closure of Kampstrasse and thus strengthened the island location of the eastern Karolinenviertel. This provoked considerable protests from the residents and led to the formation of one of the first citizens' initiatives in the still young Federal Republic of Germany. Nevertheless, a "slaughterhouse for foreign and epidemic cattle" was built in 1954-56, which was opened in 1956 as the "Se Grenzschlachthof".
Another important step in the construction of new production buildings was the demolition of the historic main administration building with its clock tower that could be seen from afar on September 25, 1957. Since it was aligned with the already repealed course of the (former) Kampstrasse, it stood in the way of the planned new buildings. These included the new meat wholesale market hall and several cooling blocks, which were opened in 1960 to complement the slaughterhouse operations.
In 1967 the new "Cattle Slaughterhouse II" (with modern belt slaughterhouse) was put into operation, and in 1971 another cattle market hall on Grabenstrasse for calves, pigs and cattle. At the same time, the area on the Heiligengeistfeld with its market hall and the outdoor areas divided into several gates were abandoned. While the hall was converted into a discount market, the architecture and decoration of which reminded of the former function decades later, a school and a public bath were built on the newly gained space.
Meat wholesale market
In 1980 the slaughterhouse was renamed "Vieh- und Fleischzentrum Hamburg" (VFZ); In 1988 the new “compact slaughterhouse” and an energy center were built. 100 years after the opening of the "Central-Schlachthof", the state company was dissolved and privatized in 1992. A new operating company was created under the name “Fleischgroßmarkt Hamburg” (FGH), which has a lease agreement for the site that runs until 2044 and is responsible for the administration, maintenance and leasing of the rental properties.
The actual slaughterhouse was closed in 1996 after experiencing a brief boom after German reunification and the liquidation of numerous livestock farms in the former GDR . However, the Hamburg meat wholesale market is still here today.
The Schanzenviertel is still a tip for hungry night owls who can satisfy their hunger (and thirst) even at night in some traditional “butcher bars” or the restaurants around the meat wholesale market.
literature
- Jörg Schilling, Barbara Uppenkamp: Der Zentralschlachthof 1892 to today (Hamburger Bauheft 19), Hamburg 2017, ISBN 978-3-944405-28-5 .
Web links
Coordinates: 53 ° 33 ′ 40 ″ N , 9 ° 58 ′ 8 ″ E