Schanzenviertel
Since the 1980s, the Schanzenviertel has been a largely self-contained old Hamburg building district to the southwest of the Sternschanzenpark , the name of which goes back to an earlier defensive structure (Sternschanze) . The trendy district is also called the Schanze for short .
location
Until 2008, the Schanzenviertel was part of the three Hamburg districts of Altona , Mitte and Eimsbüttel . Since the founding of the Hamburg-Sternschanze district in 2008, it has been managed from Altona. The heart of the Schanzenviertel is shoulder blade , Schanzenstraße , Susannenstraße, Bartelsstraße, the Sternschanze train station and the Sternschanzenpark with the water tower there . Unlike the district, however, the Schanzenviertel cannot be clearly demarcated geographically. Usually it is seen as the area between the Schlachthof , Sternschanzenpark, Altonaer Straße , Sternbrücke , Stresemannstraße and the New Horse Market . According to this understanding, it is essentially in the Sternschanze district , which was formed in 2008 from areas of the districts of Eimsbüttel , St. Pauli , Rotherbaum , Altona-Altstadt and Altona-Nord .
A narrower interpretation understands the Schanzenviertel only to be the triangle between the railway embankment, Stresemannstraße and Schlachthof, which was called the “shoulder blade quarter” until the 1980s. In addition, the "Eimsbütteler Schanzenviertel" existed on the other side of the railway embankment between Schäferkamp, the southern end of Eppendorfer Weg and Eimsbütteler Chaussee, since the end of the 19th century. The shoulder blade district and the Eimsbütteler Schanzenviertel formed the joint postal delivery district of Hamburg 6 until 1993 .
As part of urban planning and the designation of redevelopment areas, larger areas were designated as Schanzenviertel after 2008, which, in addition to the Sternschanze district, comprised the largest part of the "Eimsbütteler Schanzenviertel" between Schäferkampsallee, Bellealliancestraße / Waterloostraße and Eimsbütteler Straße. In any case, the neighboring Karolinenviertel is not one of them .
history
At the end of the 20th century, the Schanzenviertel was characterized by alternative culture and multiculturalism . Restructuring and urban development measures from the end of the 1990s led to gentrification . During the Internet boom from 1998 to 2001, numerous New Economy companies settled in renovated former factory buildings. The existing housing stock was upgraded, and numerous new buildings were added. Today, many bars, restaurants, small businesses, fashion boutiques and the associated customers characterize the streetscape, especially in shoulder blade, Schanzenstraße and Susannenstraße.
The name Schanzenviertel goes back to the Sternschanze , which stood on Heydberg von Heimichhude from 1682 to 1816 , today's Sternschanzenpark. It was a defensive structure in front of the Hamburg city wall . In the 17th century this area was a swampy, sparsely inhabited landscape west of the city of Hamburg. A homestead, the Rosenhof, and a sheep farm on Schäferkamp are known. A country road ran from the old Millerntor to the village of Eimsbüttel, where in 1686 an inn with the name Bey the shoulder blade opened, after which the street was named in 1745 at the latest. The scapula was the border between Danish and hamburgischem territory, since the northeastern border of Altona, which belonged 1640-1867 to Denmark, with the northern Hamburger Berg , the later suburb of St. Pauli , and the lands of the St. John's monastery met .
After the Sternschanze had largely been demolished at the beginning of the 19th century, the first mixed residential and commercial areas arose on Schanzenstrasse and Bartelsstrasse. In 1866, the Sternschanze station was opened on the connecting line between Hamburg and Altona .
The animal dealer Carl Hagenbeck opened his zoo in 1874 at the New Horse Market , where the famous Völkerschauen also took place; In 1907 he moved to Stellingen for reasons of space . The Central Schlachthof opened in 1892, and shops for slaughterhouse supplies gradually opened in the vicinity. On the one hand, a petty-bourgeois area developed in this area. On the other hand, medium-sized to large companies also settled here, such as the Hamburg branch of the Steinway & Sons piano factory in 1880 (which was only sold to CBS in 1972 ), the Ladiges lighting wholesaler in 1889, which moved from the Karolinenviertel to Susannenstrasse in 1905, and which was founded in 1872 in 1906 Pianohaus Trübger and in 1908 the writing instrument company Montblanc Simplo , which relocated to Lurup in 1986 . During the National Socialist era (1930s) the Rote Hof in Bartelsstrasse was a center of the labor movement and resistance in Hamburg against the National Socialists.
From the 1970s in particular, many families moved away because of the busy and comparatively little green area. At the same time, many students discovered the Sternschanze as an inexpensive residential area close to the university. The central location and the good transport connections also played an important role, especially for young people moving in, so that the district developed away from a purely family residential area towards an alternative district. The Sternschanze suffered as a result of the displacement of drug addicts and dealers away from the main station and St. Georg , which was favored in the 1990s . These groups of people chose the Sternschanzenpark in particular as a new place of activity and residence and made it one of the drug centers in Hamburg at that time. At the time of the Internet boom from 1998 to 2001, many new economy companies such as Kabel New Media, Fork, Pixelpark and ID-Media settled in the district. In the crisis that followed, many of them filed for bankruptcy. Once an impoverished, run-down old building district, which provided a basis for the autonomous anti-bourgeois protest movement and whose demolition was partially planned, since then a continuous gentrification has been observed in the district , which has repeatedly been the subject of public discussion. The boom also made itself felt in rising rents, which the socially disadvantaged can no longer afford, as well as new demands for law and order in the face of drug trafficking and crime. This sometimes led to social conflicts between impoverished long-term residents and financially better off newcomers. With the Rote Flora , an autonomous center for cultural or subculture, the last remaining squatting project in the city has survived here next to Hafenstrasse , formerly criticized as a retreat for criminals, but also known for concerts. The Rote Flora is known for its socially, culturally and politically motivated activities of the radical left that extend beyond Hamburg . The general attitude towards life is left-liberal and characterized by alternative fashion and pop culture , even if many of the former legendary squatted houses (e.g. Laue houses ) and improvised places of culture have long since disappeared or have been commercialized. The quarter is still known for the great solidarity of the residents with one another. This was expressed, for example, in the conflicts over the Bambule site for a construction trailer or the construction of a hotel in the former water tower of the Sternschanzenpark . Usually on April 30th, parallel to Berlin-Kreuzberg , there is the obligatory “dance in the May riot”. In 2005 the magazine Spiegel published a report about the residents of the Schanzenviertel; she portrayed the residents as supporters of an alternative conformism that can be seen in fashion ( thick sunglasses, army trousers, riveted belts ). Opposite the Rote Flora is the so-called Piazza , a gastronomic mile and a popular tourist destination, planned by the footbridge and inaugurated in 2002.
During the G20 summit in Hamburg in 2017 , the Schanzenviertel, in particular the shoulder blade street with the shoulder blade 1 building, became known as the center of riots.
Schanzenfest
The Schanzenfest has been an annual left-wing alternative street festival that has been taking place since 1988 and attracts thousands of visitors every year. There is also a large flea market on the shoulder blade and in the surrounding streets, various culinary offers, street artists and alternative music. Since 2003, following the usually peaceful festival, there have been massive riots by violence-oriented autonomists and the resulting large-scale police operation.
Schanzenstrasse
Bartelsstrasse
Former administration building of the Montblanc company
Aerial view
So-called piazza on the shoulder blade
Facades
backyard
literature
- Jens Natter: The Schanze - History and stories in district comics. 1st edition, Heide 2017, ISBN 978-3-8042-1458-3
- Helene Manos: Sankt Pauli: Social situations and social issues in the Sankt Pauli district. Results, Hamburg 1989, ISBN 3-925622-57-8
- Gerd Siebecke: The ski jump: Galao-Strich or resistance neighborhood ?, VSA-Verlag, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-89965-472-1
Web links
Coordinates: 53 ° 34 ' N , 9 ° 58' E
Remarks
- ^ Statistics North - District Profile 2008 ( Memento from January 31, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF, 2.6 MB), accessed on February 23, 2012
- ^ Project group living in the district: The shoulder blade. A quarter changes . Hamburg 1982, p. 12 and others
- ^ Hermann Hipp: Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg. History, culture and urban architecture on the Elbe and Alster. 3rd edition, Cologne 1996, ISBN 3-7701-1590-2 , p. 360
- ↑ steg Hamburg: Renovation Advisory Board Sternschanze ( memento from November 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on February 23, 2012
- ↑ Critical consideration "Field research with cobblestone" (PDF file; 232 kB)
- ^ Shoulder blade 1 - the house in the center of the riots. Spiegel, July 12, 2017
- ↑ Thomas Berbner, Georg Mascolo, Christian Baars: G20 riot: Was there really an ambush? NDR, July 19, 2017
- ↑ A festival will come. In: Digitaz , July 16, 2009, accessed September 17, 2009
- ↑ "Schanzenfest" ends in a wild street battle. In: Welt Online . September 23, 2007, accessed March 20, 2015 .