Black hammer clam

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Black hammer clam
Black hammer clam (Malleus malleus)

Black hammer clam ( Malleus malleus )

Systematics
Subclass : Pteriomorphia
Order : Ostreida
Superfamily : Pterioidea
Family : Hammer clams (Malleidae)
Genre : Malleus
Type : Black hammer clam
Scientific name
Malleus malleus
( Linnaeus , 1758)
Black hammer clam with a very crooked handle

The Black Hammer Shell ( Malleus malleus ) is a shell - type from the family of hammer shells (Malleidae).

features

The very large, unevenly- hinged housing is greatly elongated in the dorsoventral direction. The dorsal margin is also greatly elongated anteriorly and posteriorly. Usually the anterior dorsal margin is significantly longer than the posterior dorsal margin. This results in a hammer shape in outline. The height is up to 21 cm, but the width can also be up to 21 cm. The handle of the hammer can be perpendicular or at an angle to the dorsal edge. It is often twisted and very irregular. The byssus is still present in the adult stage. Both flaps have a byssus slot at the back, the slot on the right panel being deeper than the slot on the left panel. The cross section of the housing is flattened (“compressed”). There is only one sphincter muscle. The lock is without teeth. The ligament lies in a triangular ligament pit. There are four muscle impressions, the sphincter, two foot retractor muscles, and the byssus retractor.

The skin is dark purple to almost blackish and thick. Inside there is a mother-of-pearl field .

Similar species

The shells of the black hammer shell are somewhat more irregular than the shells of the white hammer shell and are predominantly blackish.

Geographical distribution and habitat

The distribution area of ​​the black hammer clam stretches from southern Japan to Australia and Melanesia , in the west to southern India and Sri Lanka .

It occurs in pure sandy soils in shallow water. It lives vertically buried and anchored in the sediment with the greatly elongated dorsal edge, with only the distal end protruding from the sediment. Presumably it is also attached with byssus (the byssus slot persists into the adult housing).

Taxonomy

The taxon was first scientifically described by Carl von Linné in 1758 as Ostrea malleus . It is the type species of the genus Malleus Lamarck, 1799.

supporting documents

literature

  • S. Peter Dance, Rudo von Cosel (arrangement of the German edition): The great book of sea shells. 304 p., Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1977 ISBN 3-8001-7000-0 (p. 230/31)
  • Rudolf Kilias: Lexicon marine mussels and snails. 2nd edition, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1997 ISBN 3-8001-7332-8 (p. 182)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ SD Gurumayum: The Malleidae (Mollusca: Bivalve) of India with a new distributional record of Malleus albus (Lamarck, 1819), southeast from cost of India-Nellore, Andhra Pradesh. Advances in Applied Science Research, 6 (8): 112-117, 2015 PDF
  2. ^ Carl von Linné: Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Pp. 1-824, Holmia / Stockholm, Salvius, 1758. Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 669).
  3. ↑ MolluscaBase: Malleus malleus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Web links

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