Battle of Tendra
| date | September 8, 1790 to September 9, 1790 |
|---|---|
| place | Black Sea |
| output | Russian victory |
| Parties to the conflict | |
|---|---|
| Commander | |
| Troop strength | |
| 10 ships of the line , 1 mortar boat | 15 ships of the line, 8 frigates, 23 other units |
| losses | |
|
25 killed, 25 wounded |
1,400 dead and wounded, 733 prisoners |
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The sea battle at Tendra took place on August 28th during the Russian-Austrian Turkish War . / 8th September 1790 greg. between the Russian Black Sea Fleet under Fyodor Fyodorowitsch Ushakow and an Ottoman fleet . It ended with a Russian victory.
prehistory
For a long time the Austrians and Russians did not operate very successfully. At sea, the Russian Black Sea Fleet faced a modern fleet created by Cezayirli Gazi Hassan Pascha . This was the Ottoman fleet with the strongest combat capabilities for two hundred years. The fleet supported the besieged Ochakiv fortress at the mouth of the Dnieper . After the fortress fell in December 1788, the Ottomans gradually lost ground in the land war.
course
After the victory of the Russian fleet under Ushakov against the Turkish fleet on July 8, 1790 in the naval battle of Kerch in the Black Sea, the Ottomans undertook another naval advance into the Black Sea. The fleets met again west of the Crimea . The Ottoman fleet had received reinforcements. It now comprised fifteen ships of the line and eight frigates with a total of 1360 cannons. There were also twenty-three smaller units. The ships operated between Tendra Island and Hadgy Bay.
Ushakov strove to drive the opponents from this strategically important position. He left Sevastopol with his fleet on August 25th . The Russian fleet consisted of ten ships of the line and a mortar boat . Together the Russian fleet had 830 cannons. Ushakov came across the Ottoman fleet by surprise three days later and attacked them. Despite their numerical inferiority, the Russians managed to maintain the wind advantage . The battle lasted for a few hours. The Ottomans could not maintain their line formation, broke off the fight and fled.
The next day August 29th jul. / 9th September 1790 greg. the Russian fleet found two damaged Ottoman ships and attacked them. An Ottoman ship of the line surrendered immediately to the Russians. Another was defeated in battle and badly damaged. An explosion in the powder magazine killed the entire crew and Vice Admiral Said Bey.
consequences
In total, the Ottomans lost the two ships of the line, three smaller units and a total of 1,400 men. In addition, 733 Ottoman sailors were captured. The Russians are said to have counted only about 25 dead and 25 wounded.
The naval victories of 1790 meant that the Russian fleet was able to achieve naval dominance in the Black Sea.
literature
- David ST Blackmore: Warfare on the Mediterranean in the Age of Sail: A History, 1571-1866. Jefferson, p. 147
- Friedrich-Karl Kienitz: The Mediterranean. The scene of world history from the early advanced civilizations to the 20th century. Munich 1976, p. 267