Transylvanian basin
Coordinates: 46 ° 30 ′ 0 ″ N , 24 ° 30 ′ 0 ″ E
The Transylvanian Basin (also Transylvanian Basin , rum. Podișul Transilvaniei ) is a landscape in Romania . It is a geographical term. To a large extent, however, it corresponds to the historical area of Transylvania . The Transylvanian Basin is partially regarded as the easternmost part of the Pannonian Basin , according to another geomorphological view as a subunit of the Carpathian Mountains .
Limits
The Transylvanian Basin is limited
- in the east and northeast of the Inner Eastern Carpathians ,
- in the south of the Transylvanian Alps ,
- in the west of the Apuseni Mountains , including in particular the Meseș Mountains , the Gilăuer Mountains , the Trascău Mountains and the Transylvanian Ore Mountains ( Romanian : Munții Metaliferi ),
- in the north of the Lapuş Mountains and the Țibleş Mountains , d. H. Partial mountains of the Inner Forest Carpathians , according to a different view of the Inner Eastern Carpathians.
surface
The Transylvanian Basin is predominantly an undulating mountain and hill country, which rises slightly from northwest to southeast and averages between 300 m and 600 m . Individual mountains reach up to 800 m .
The highlands are geomorphologically divided into five sections:
- in the north the Somesch highlands ( Podișul Someșelor )
- central Transylvanian Heath ( Câmpia Transilvaniei )
- in the south the Kokel highlands ( Podișul Târnavelor )
- in the southwest the Zekesch highlands ( Podișul Secașelor )
- in the southwest the Harbach highlands ( Podișul Hârtibaciului )
At the edges there are more extensive plains, especially in the valleys of the Olt and Mureș . These two, as well as the Someș , are the only three rivers that leave the Transylvanian Basin, which is otherwise largely completely enclosed by mountains.
climate
There is a temperate continental climate with an average annual temperature of 8 to 10 ° C. Due to colder winters, the seasonal temperature range is somewhat larger than in Central Europe. The mean amount of precipitation is 550 to 950 mm per year and increases from southwest to northeast and with rising sea level.