Sinamiidae
| Sinamiidae | ||||||||||||
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Sinamia sp. at the Hong Kong Science Museum |
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| Temporal occurrence | ||||||||||||
| Berriasium to Aptium (Lower Cretaceous) | ||||||||||||
| 145 to 112.9 million years | ||||||||||||
| Locations | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Sinamiidae | ||||||||||||
| Berg , 1940 |
The Sinamiidae are a family of extinct bony fish from the order of the bowfin fish (Amiiformes). They lived in the Lower Cretaceous in East Asian fresh waters. Fossils have been found in China, Japan, Thailand and in the southern Siberian, Russian Oblast of Kemerovo .
features
The Sinamiidae are very similar to the European and North American Amiidae and were medium-sized, elongated, slender predatory fish. The body was covered with strong ganoid scales. The eyes were large, the gap in the mouth deep. Both jaws were dentate.
The parietal bone was single. The extrascapulars (a skull bone) were paired with an additional middle bone. The vertebral centers are completely ossified. Diplospondyle vertebrae, i.e. vertebrae with two vertebral centers, did not exist. Vertebral bodies had a variable number (usually two) of lateral processes. The parapophyses, processes on the underside of vertebrae, had not grown together with the vertebral centers. The number of supraneuralia (neural processes) was small (5 to 14).
The anal fin had about ten fin carriers (radialia) and eight to eleven fin rays . The caudal fin was rounded. In the caudal fin skeleton there are one to three uroneuralia , which arose from severed neural arches of the vertebral bodies, and only a few epuralia (elongated, free-standing bones). The number of urodermalia was two or less. The ratio of fin carriers and hypuralia in the tail fin skeleton was about 1: 1.
Genera
Three genera have been described so far:
literature
- Liu Hsien Ting, Su De-Zao: Fossil amiids (Pisces) of China and their biostratigraphic significance. In: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. Vol. 28, No. 1/2, 1983, ISSN 0567-7920 , pp. 181-194, (PDF; 920 kB) .
Individual evidence
- ^ A b The Paleobiology Database: Sinamiidae
- ↑ a b Palaeos: Sinamiidae