Amiiformes
Amiiformes | ||||||||||||
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Northern pike ( Amia calva ) |
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Temporal occurrence | ||||||||||||
Ladinium (Middle Triassic) until today | ||||||||||||
Locations | ||||||||||||
Europe (including Solnhofen limestone ), North America, East Asia, South Siberia and Tunisia. |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Amiiformes | ||||||||||||
Hay , 1929 |
The Amiiformes are an ancient bony fish order that only occurs today with one species, the bald pike ( Amia calva ), in eastern North America. Order was more widespread in the Cretaceous Period . Fossils have been found in Europe, North America, East Asia (China, Japan, Thailand), southern Siberia, and Tunisia. Most of the genera of the Amiidae family lived in freshwater, while most of the four other families were marine.
features
Like the recent bald pike, the extinct species were predatory fish with a pike-like, elongated body. They could reach body lengths of about 10 cm to almost two meters ( Caturus giganteus ), the Northern pike is a maximum of 90 cm long. As diagnostic features that distinguish the Amiiformes of other bony fish orders, the loss are two bones in the inner ear (Ophistotic bone and bone Pterotic) and only two or less ossified neural arches of the vertebral bodies of the rear tail fin skeleton.
Internal system
- Genus † Nipponamia
- Family † Ionoscopidae Lehman, 1966
- Genus † Ionoscopus Thiollière, 1858
- Genus † Oshunia Wenz & Kellner 1986
- Genus † Quetzalichthys Alvarado-Ortega & Espinosa-Arrubarrena 2008
- Subordination to Caturoidei
- Family † Caturidae
- Genus † Amblysemius
- Genus † Caturus
- Genus † Furo
- Family † Caturidae
- Subordination Amioidei
- Family † Liodesmidae
- Genus † Liodesmus
- Family † Sinamiidae
- Genus † Ikechaoamia
- Genus † Sinamia
- Genus † Siamamia
- Family Amiidae
- Subfamily Amiinae (Upper Cretaceous to this day)
- Genus Amia
- Genus † Cyclurus
- Genus † Pseudamiatus
- Subfamily Amiopsinae (Lower Cretaceous)
- Genus † Amiopsis
- Subfamily Solnhofenamiinae (Upper Jura)
- Genus † Solnhofenamia
- Subfamily Vidalamiinae (Middle Cretaceous to Eocene)
- Genus † Calamopleurus
- Genus † Maliamia
- Genus † Melvius
- Genus † Pachyamia
- Genus † Vidalamia
- Subfamily Amiinae (Upper Cretaceous to this day)
- Family † Liodesmidae
literature
- Lance Grande, William E. Bemis: A Comprehensive Phylogenetic Study of Amiid Fishes (Amiidae) Based on Comparative Skeletal Anatomy. an Empirical Search for Interconnected Patterns of Natural History. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, DOI: 10.1080 / 02724634.1998.10011114 (English).
- Joseph S. Nelson , Terry C. Grande, Mark VH Wilson: Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, 2016, ISBN 978-1118342336 , p. 125 (English).
Web links
- Amiiformes on Fishbase.org (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Martin Ebert: Cerinichthys koelblae , gen. Et sp. nov., from the Upper Jurassic of Cerin, France, and its phylogenetic setting, leading to a reassessment of the phylogenetic relationships of Halecomorphi (Actinopterygii). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, Volume 38, 2018 - Issue 1 doi: 10.1080 / 02724634.2017.1420071 (English).