Slavism
Under Slavism means a Slavic word that the way in other languages has found. It can come from a Slavic language itself ( language of origin) or at least have been borrowed from a Slavic intermediary language. The historical course of this borrowing process follows the Language Change Act ( Piotrowski Act ) and is dealt with in Best (2003), especially on the Russicisms in Kotsyuba (2007).
Modern examples are Troika from Russian, the exclamation Dalli! from Polish or robots from Czech.
Slavisms also specifically include words that have been adopted from Slavic languages but cannot be clearly assigned to a specific language, e.g. B. Vodka (Polish wódka , Russian Водка ), whip (Polish bicz / pejcz , Russian бич ), quark (Polish twaróg , Russian Творог ).
Numerous place names in eastern and northern Germany are Slavic, for example Schwerin , Rostock , Dresden , Berlin , Leipzig , Lübeck . Some Slavisms were adopted in German dialects, such as Plinsen (East Central German), Jause (Austrian).
See also
literature
- Karl-Heinz Best: Slavic borrowings in German. In: Rusistika - Slavistika - Lingvistika. Festschrift for Werner Lehfeldt. Edited by Sebastian Kempgen , Ulrich Schweier u. Tilman Berger . Verlag Otto Sagner, Munich 2003, pp. 464–473.
- Oxana Kotsyuba: Russianisms in German vocabulary. In: Glottometrics 15 , 2007, pages 13-23. (PDF full text )
