Solf circle

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Hanna Solf

The Solf Circle was a resistance group against National Socialism , which was supported by regime critics of the partly liberal, partly conservative German elite . It emerged from former members of the SeSiSo Club who came together for tea parties in the Berlin apartment of Hanna Solf , Wilhelm Solf's widow . The Solf circle did not offer any active resistance in the form of a planned or attempted overthrow. It served the exchange of views between opponents of the regime and was in contact with other opposition groups in the Wehrmacht and the Foreign Office . In addition, there were connections to the communist Uhrig - Römer group and the Kreisau district .

Diplomats from the Foreign Office such as B. Albrecht Graf von Bernstorff , Otto Kiep and Herbert Mumm von Schwarzenstein . It also included other members with a noble background: u. a. Hannah von Bredow (granddaughter of Otto von Bismarck ) and Maria Countess von Maltzan (see resistance of the nobility ). The priest Max Josef Metzger was also a member.

On September 10, 1943, the Gestapo smuggled the informer Paul Reckzeh into a meeting of the district near Elisabeth von Thadden , which caused the Solf district to be exposed. Through the discovery, the contacts of members of the Solf circle in the military intelligence service of the Wehrmacht, Abwehr , became known. These contacts also contributed to its later dissolution. Most of the members of the circle were arrested and executed. Only a few members of the Solf circle survived.

Members

The Solf Circle was not a single resistance organization, but a group of regime critics who made contact with other resistance fighters. Therefore a complete listing of all members of the Solf circle is difficult.

literature

  • Martha Schad : Women against Hitler. Fates under National Socialism (= Heyne books 19, 844). Heyne, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-453-86138-8 , pp. 169-200, chapter: Resistance against will - Hanna Solf.

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