Somali thrush
| Somali thrush | ||||||||||||
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Pair of Somali thrushes, female behind |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Turdus ludoviciae | ||||||||||||
| ( EL Phillips , 1895) |
The Somali thrush ( Turdus ludoviciae ) is a Singvogelart of the family of reactors , in the north of Somalia endemic is.
features
The Somali thrush was originally regarded as a subspecies of the Cape Thrush ( Turdus olivaceus ), but has been an independent species since 1994. It reaches a body length of 23 cm and a weight of 62 g. The male is slate gray overall. The top of the head, face and throat are blackish, while the area from the chest to the stomach is a lighter gray. The under tail-coverts have gray-white tips. The under wing coverts are tinted beige-orange. The bill, eye ring and legs are yellow. The female is a little more brownish on the head. The chin and throat are blackish dashed. The chest is light gray. The juvenile birds are lighter gray, beige-gray speckled and dashed on the top and beige-gray speckled on the underside. The song resembles that of the Cape Thrush. However, the alarm call is rougher.
habitat
The Somali thrush inhabits tree savannahs dominated by the East African juniper as well as adjacent open terrain in the mountains at altitudes between 1300 and 2000 m. It is possible that the birds migrate between the juniper forest plots while foraging. In November they were also seen in lemon groves.
Way of life
The diet of the Somali thrush consists mainly of juniper berries. It goes in search of food in small, loose groups of up to 30 specimens. The breeding season is between May and July. The clutch consists of two eggs. More is not known about the reproductive behavior.
status
The Somali throttle was a long time in the category "threatened with extinction" ( critically endangered ) in the Red List of Threatened Species IUCN . In 2008, this status was due to better inventory data in "at risk" ( vulnerable changed). While the population was estimated at 2,500 to 10,000 specimens in 2000, BirdLife International has assumed a total population of 10,000 to 20,000 individuals since 2008. As early as 1979, the Somali thrush's habitat was severely threatened by forest destruction, primarily through slash and burn, logging and excessive forest grazing . Retreats of this type are in particular the Mount Wagar and the Daloh Forest Reserve, where locals campaigned in 2005 to preserve the last remaining juniper forests.
Etymology and history of research
Ethelbert Lort Phillips described the Somali thrush under the name Merula ludoviciae . He gave Somaliland as the location . As early as 1758, Carl von Linné introduced the genus Turdus , to which this species was only assigned later. "Turdus" is the Latin name for "thrush". It was not until a year later that Phillips gave the site as the Golis Mountains in the Togdheer region . In this article he wrote that he took the name of his wife Louisa Jane Forbes Lort Phillips b. Gunnis († 1946) dedicated.
literature
- Nigel Collar: Family Turdidae (Thrushes). In: Josep del Hoyo , Andrew Elliott, David A. Christie (Eds.): Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 10: Cuckoo-shrikes to Thrushes. Lynx edicions, 2005, ISBN 978-84-87334-72-6 , p. 658.
- Ash, JS; Miskell, JE 1998. Birds of Somalia . Pica Press, Robertsbridge, UK
- Urban, EK, Fry, CH & Keith, S. (1997) The Birds of Africa . Vol. 5. Academic Press, San Diego & London.
- James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
- Ethelbert Lort Phillips: Mr. E. Lort Philipps sent for exhibition specimens of new species Merula and Corvus from Somaliland . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 4 , no. 27 , 1895, p. 36 ( online [accessed January 18, 2015]).
- Ethelbert Lort Phillips: On Birds observed in the Goolis Mountains in Northern Somaliland . In: The Ibis (= 7 ). tape 2 , no. 6 , 1896, pp. 62–87 ( online [accessed January 18, 2015]).
- Carl von Linné: Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis . 10th edition. tape 1 . Imprensis Direct Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm 1758 ( online [accessed January 18, 2015]).
Web links
- Turdus ludoviciae inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014.3. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2012. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
- BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Somali Thrush ( Turdus ludoviciae ) . Retrieved January 17, 2015.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Somali Thrush (Turdus ludoviciae) in the Internet Bird Collection
- Somali thrush ( Turdus ludoviciae ) at Avibase; accessed on January 28, 2015.
- Turdus ludoviciae in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
- xeno-canto: Sound recordings - Somali Thrush ( Turdus ludoviciae )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Collar, N., Crosby, M. & Stattersfield, A. 1994. Birds to watch 2. The world list of threatened birds; the official source for birds on the IUCN Red List. BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK.
- ↑ Stattersfield, AJ & Capper, DR (eds.) (2000) Threatened Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions & BirdLife International, Barcelona & Cambridge.
- ↑ Erik Hirschfeld (2008): The Rare Birds Yearbook 2009, MagDig Media Ltd., Shrewsbury ISBN 978-0-9552607-5-9
- ↑ Ethelbert Lort Phillips (1895), p. 36.
- ↑ Carl von Linné, p. 168.
- ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 393.
- ↑ Ethelbert Lort Phillips (1896), p. 79.