Solar eclipse of April 15, 136 BC Chr.
| Solar eclipse of April 15, 136 BC Chr. | |
|---|---|
|
|
| classification | |
| Type | Total |
| area | Northeast Africa , Arabian Peninsula , Central Asia , Russia Total: Niger , Chad , Sudan , Egypt , Saudi Arabia , Iraq , Iran , Kazakhstan , Russia |
| Saros cycle | 75 (27 of 73) |
| Gamma value | 0.7119 |
| Greatest eclipse | |
| Duration | 3 minutes 39 seconds |
| place | Kazakhstan |
| location | 46 ° 48 ' N , 58 ° 54' E |
| size | 1.0527 |
The solar eclipse of April 15, 136 BC. BC was a total solar eclipse that was visible in northern Africa and Asia .
description
The umbra area began in present-day Niger , crossed North Africa in a north-easterly direction, then passed over the Arabian Peninsula , Iraq with the city of Babylon , Iran , then the Caspian Sea , Kazakhstan and Russia , and finally ended in the Chukchi Sea , not far from Wrangel Island . (As is customary in astronomy, the given NASA source calculates a certain number of years from our time and comes to the year –135. As the non-historical year 0 is included in it, the historical date 136 BC belongs to it. Chr.)
Scientific importance
The solar eclipse also darkened the city of Babylon and has been well documented by a Babylonian astrologer. The cuneiform tablet found in Babylon is in the possession of the British Museum .
- Marcus Chown gives the contents of the board as follows: 24 degrees after sunrise - a solar eclipse. When it set in on the southwest side, Venus and Mercury and the normal stars were visible. Jupiter and Mars, which were absent from the night sky at the time, could now be seen. The sun cast the shadow from southwest to northeast.
The described visibility of the planets and stars suggests that the solar eclipse over Babylon was indeed total. Therefore, it is important for astronomical chronology in order to determine the effect of the slowing down of the earth's rotation , i.e. the time difference Delta T between terrestrial time and Universal Time , which is about 3¼ hours compared to then. Calculations without taking this effect into account would result in a shadow course approx. 50 degrees of longitude further west.
Individual evidence
- ^ Solar eclipse of April 15, 136 BC. Chr. ( English ) NASA
- ^ The cuneiform tablet in the British Museum
- ↑ a b Marcus Chown : The shadow of the moon brings it to the day (August 1999) in Spektrum.de
- ↑ JM Steele , FR Stephenson , LV Morrison: The Accuracy of Eclipse Times Measured by the Babylonians , Journal for the History of Astronomy (November 1997), pages 337-345 online here
- ^ FR Stephenson, LV Morrison, CY Hohenkerk: Measurement of the Earth's rotation: 720 BC to AD 2015 , Proc. R. Soc. (2016), here online
- ↑ M. Scholz: Small textbook of astronomy and astrophysics , Volume 1, Classical Astronomy , page 26 below