La città del Sole
La città del Sole or Civitas solis (German "Sonnenstadt", in the first German edition of 1623 "Appendix" to the work "Politics") is a work written in 1602 by the Dominican Tommaso Campanella and published in 1623, which deals with the economic and political Represents building an ideal state . It is one of the first political utopias . The presentation takes the form of a poetic dialogue between a Genoese ship commander and the Grand Master of the Hospitallers . The Genoese visits the Grand Master and tells of his last trip and his stay in the sunny state. His host drives the conversation with questions about everyday life, politics and the way of life of the "Solarier".
Campanella attributes all social evils in the sunny state to private property . He wants to eliminate this with his collectivist social order, which includes all areas of life. Precisely determined requirement plans therefore determine production . The institution of the family, which promotes material thinking and therefore supports private property, is to be dissolved. In their place a communism of women and children is to be realized which serves eugenic goals. In the “sun state” the species means everything, the individual nothing. Politically, Campanella dreams of a universal papal monarchy; In the “sun state”, power is therefore absolutistically in the hands of the priestly hierarchy. It is embodied by the metaphysician (also called the sun, Latin "Sol"), who is well versed in the history of all peoples as well as in physics, religion and craftsmanship. The rulers are expected to resign voluntarily if a more capable solarier is found. He is supported by three main dignitaries Pon (“power”), Sin (“wisdom”) and Mor (“love”) - the so-called triumvirs. All matters of public life, from the army to science and agriculture, are divided among these three.
"Campanella communism rises less ... humanitarian-eudämonischen ideals as ... ethical and religious motives ... Compared to the latter day liberal, on the empirical-looking spirit that the utopia of Thomas More penetrates (Sir Thomas More), provides Campanella State a reaction and turn to Platonic rigorism ”(Girsberger,“ The utopian socialism of the 18th century in France and its philosophical and material foundations ”, 1924).
literature
- Margherita Palumbo: La Città del Sole: bibliografia delle edizioni (1623–2002) , Istituti Editoriali e Poligrafici Internazionali, Pisa 2004 (Bruniana & Campanelliana, Supplementi: Bibliotheca stylensis), ISBN 88-8147-362-3
