Voltage drop

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In the event of a voltage drop in the power supply, the supply voltage drops briefly. Colloquially, this is often called "hit the net" or "net wiper".

According to the EN 50160 standard , which describes the quality of energy supply in public power grids , a voltage dip always occurs when the nominal voltage drops to less than 90% of the contractually agreed supply voltage for at least 10  ms ; at 230  V these are drops to below 207 V, which - at a mains frequency of 50  Hz  - exist for at least half a period . The standard does not limit the number of such events that are permissible.

A voltage drop occurs when a strong current loads the grid. This is particularly the case when switching on electric motors that have a high starting current . The temporarily higher current causes a greater voltage drop at the internal resistance of the voltage source as well as at the line resistance , which causes the terminal voltage to drop (see voltage source ), and at the same time the supply voltage loss increases.

Example: When you switch on your vacuum cleaner , the light briefly becomes darker.

In DC systems , the voltage drop can be compensated for by capacitors that can supply the short-term current required.

literature

  • Hartmut Kiank, Wolfgang Fruth: Planning guidelines for energy distribution systems. Publicis Publishing, Erlangen 2011, ISBN 978-3-89578-359-3 .
  • Klaus Heuck, Klaus-Dieter Dettmann, Detlef Schulz: Electrical energy supply. 7th edition, Friedrich Vieweg & Sohn Verlag, Wiesbaden, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8348-0217-0 .

See also

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