Spathius erythrocephalus

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Spathius erythrocephalus
Spathius cf. erythrocephalus

Spathius cf. erythrocephalus

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera)
Family : Brackish wasps (Braconidae)
Subfamily : Doryctinae
Genre : Spathius
Type : Spathius erythrocephalus
Scientific name
Spathius erythrocephalus
Wesmael , 1838
Spathius cf. erythrocephalus

Spathius erythrocephalus is a parasitic living Hautflüglerart from the family of braconids (Braconidae).

features

The brackish wasps reach a body length of 4–5 mm. They have a light or dark red-brown basic color. The antennae are light red-brown. The legs have a distinctive pattern. The white or whitish-yellow trochanters contrast with the adjacent dark brown coxae and femora . The otherwise dark brown rails are colored white or whitish-yellow at the base. The forewings have two broad, dark colored horizontal stripes. The medium-length laying spine is slightly curved upwards.

distribution

The brackish wasp species is widespread in Europe. Their distribution area extends from southern Scandinavia and England in the north to Spain, Portugal and Sicily. Furthermore, the species occurs in the Caucasus (Azerbaijan), Asia Minor, the Middle East (Israel), North Africa (Tunisia) and Madeira .

Way of life

Spathius erythrocephalus is an idiobiont ectoparasitoid wood-boring beetle larvae from the longhorn , splendor and bark beetle families . The brackish wasps track down the larvae that develop under the bark of trees. With the help of their laying stinger, they lay several eggs on the beetle larva. The hatched brackish wasp larvae show a gregarious behavior . They feed on the beetle larva. The brackish wasp species is multivoltine , which means that it forms several generations per year. This enables them to react quickly to increased host offers . With regard to the use of the brackish wasp species for biological pest control, there are studies on their effectiveness as well as studies on their risk assessment.

The hosts include the following species, among others:

Taxonomy

The species was first described in 1838 by Constantin Wesmael . A synonym is Spathius curvicaudis Ratzeburg , 1844.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Sergey A. Belokobylskij, Konstantin G. Samartsev: Palaearctic species of the Spathius exarator species group (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) with entirely sculptured mesopleuron (PDF, 183 KB) Zootaxa Vol 3900, No 4. p. 483– 504 2014. Accessed January 12, 2018.
  2. ↑ a b Spathius curvicaudis Ratzeburg 1844 . Fauna Europaea. Retrieved January 12, 2018.
  3. ↑ a b c C. P. Bonsignore, C. van Achterberg, V. Vacante: First record of Braconidae as parasitoids of Capnodis tenebrionis (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), with notes on the ecology of Spathius erythrocephalus Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) . Zool. Med. Leiden 82 (2008). July 2008. Retrieved January 12, 2018.
  4. ↑ Ahmet Beyarslan: A NEW PARASITOID SPECIES RECORD FOR TURKISH FAUNA SPATHIUS (SPATHIUS) BREVICAUDIS RATZEBURG, 1844 (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE: DORYCTINAE) (PDF, 182 KB) Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 12, No. 1. pp. 313-315. January 2017. Archived from the original on January 13, 2018. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 12, 2018. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.munisentzool.org
  5. ^ Species new for Madeira Islands . Zoologische Mededelingen, September 83, 2009. Accessed January 12, 2018.
  6. ^ A b c Nathan Brown, Daegan JG Inward, Mike Jeger, Sandra Denman: A review of Agrilus biguttatus in UK forests and its relationship with acute oak decline . Forestry. 2014. Accessed January 12, 2018.
  7. ↑ Saša Stanković, Vladimir Žikić, Marijana Ilić: Betula species as host plants for various insects parasitized by braconids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Serbia . Biologica Nyssana 1 (1-2). December 2010. Accessed January 12, 2018.
  8. ↑ Discovery, Biology, and Ecology of Natural Enemies of Anoplophora glabripennis and Anoplophora chinensis (Col .: Cerambycidae) . USDA - European Biological Control Laboratory (EBCL). Retrieved January 12, 2018.
  9. ↑ European Oak Bark Beetle Scolytus intricatus (PDF, 2.3 MB) protect.us. Retrieved January 12, 2018.

Web links

Commons : Spathius erythrocephalus  - collection of images, videos and audio files