Special civil engineering
As a foundation engineering processes and methods are referred to, with which the mechanical properties of the ground improved transfer building loads on low-lying stable ground layers and foundations are manufactured under groundwater. It can u with this method. a. slopes and jumps in terrain are also secured and the inflow or underflow of groundwater in and under structures (tunnels, dams, etc.) prevented. Special knowledge / experience in soil and rock mechanics is required to plan special civil engineering measures. As a rule, special machines are used for their execution, and the associated execution risks can only be managed by companies that specialize in them. Not only can the product, e.g. a jet grouting body or a bored pile, lie so deep in the subsoil that a direct check of the dimensions and functionality is not possible, but the inhomogeneous composition and the (usually also anisotropic ) To explore or adequately describe the properties of the subsoil (loose soil / rock) in advance for the choice of tools and the assessment of the achievable performance (units / time). Due to the steadily advancing development of technology in the construction industry, the area of special civil engineering can not always be clearly distinguished from general civil engineering .
The civil engineering are as methods / techniques for the creation of bored piles , diaphragm walls , cress , soil injection , soil freezing , soil compaction means Rütteldruck- and stuffing method, and excavation walls , high-pressure injection method , and slope and slope protection procedure - in particular using ground anchors attributed -.
Individual evidence
- ^ Theodoros Triantafyllidis: Diaphragm wall and cut-off wall technology . Ernst & Sohn Verlag, 2004, ISBN 3-433-02859-1 , p. 13 .
- ↑ Arz, Schmidt, Seitz, Semprich: concrete calendar 1991, chapter foundation . Ed .: Josef Eibl. Ernst, Wilhelm & Sohn, ISBN 978-3-433-01111-9 .
- ^ Englert, Floss, Franke, Jessberger, et al .: 40 years of special civil engineering . Werner-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf 1993, ISBN 3-8041-1435-0 , p. 131 .