St. Jakob in Leoben
St. Jakob zu Leoben is the former Roman Catholic parish church in Leoben , which is now subordinate to the parish church of St. Xavier as the rectorate .
history
Oldest period (1188 to 1262)
The church of the surrounding first settlement Leoben was mentioned for the first time in 1188, but its age is certainly higher. On August 2, 1188 "capella" St. James was by Duke Ottokar IV. The Admont incorporated.
Since in the Middle Ages a parish was also a source of good material income for the pastor, depending on the property or the economic strength of the surrounding area, special supply items for favorites could be created with the award of such benefices . It is precisely this patronage right over St. Jakob that has been a source of dispute between Admont, the Archdiocese of Salzburg , the Styrian Duke and the city of Leoben for centuries . St. Jakob was particularly profitable because it was in the flourishing iron market. The prosperous population gave the church donations and foundations in large numbers.
The political importance of the Jakobikirche also grew in proportion to the size of the place. The Upper Styrian clergy met here in 1252 to discuss duties to the Pope. The Duke's decision to relocate the city to the Murschleife, where it could be better defended, must have been communicated here.
St. Jakob after the relocation
No parish was founded in the newly created city. There were churches - Dominican Church, Johanniskapelle and Jesuitenkirche St. Xaver - but the parish church service took place in St. Jakob, outside the city walls.
Reformation and Counter Reformation
As the last monument of the old faith, the Jacobi cross was donated in 1512 by the citizens Lienhard Poxöder and Pankraz Reitsperger, which, changed and supplemented, and finally moved spatially, still exists today.
Donations and foundations became increasingly rare and then almost completely stopped for many years, because Protestantism rejected and denied the otherworldly effect of foundations. Around 1520 the new form of faith began. Almost the whole city becomes Protestant. Pastor Sigmund Greif defends himself against attacks on parish property. He must inform the council of any new chaplains, sextons, grave diggers and schoolmasters. In 1558 the citizenship of the council turned to the sovereign with the request to move the parish to the city. The emperor refuses, probably out of the consideration that Protestantism could intervene even more in the life of faith. This had already established itself in the Johanniskirche. In 1598, a reformation instruction for the re-Catholicization of the magistrate was issued in the almost purely Protestant city, and the residents were forced to worship at Catholicism. On March 22nd, 1600 the citizens of Leoben had to renounce the new teaching before the Styrian Bishop Martin Brenner. With the establishment of the first Upper Styrian Jesuit College, the Catholic restoration had used its most important driving force here as well.
Admont waives his rights
In 1690 the monastery renounced St. Jakob in favor of the Salzburg archdiocese and received the closer Gröbming as compensation .
1743–45 the new, baroque church tower is built.
The abolition of the Jesuit order in 1773, which robbed the city of a decisive intellectual, cultural and economic factor, created the spatial conditions for the later parish relocation.
enlightenment
The Josephinian church reforms began: State rationalism and advancing enlightenment began to produce blatant excesses such as B. abolish the flagship processions of Holy Week. With the establishment of the diocese of Leoben (1783–1800), St. Jakob is subordinate to this diocese, while it was previously subordinate to Salzburg and the vicariate general of the Bishop of Seckau .
New parish boundaries
The parishes were also reorganized. In 1784 Leitendorf, Hinterberg, Donawitz and Thal were spun off and added to the suburban parish of Maria am Waasen, which in the 20th century became the mother parish of the new parishes Donawitz and Hinterberg .
Relocation of the parish
The parish service was transferred to St. Xavier on November 18, 1810 - a long-cherished wish . The Jesuit buildings were not available; barracks had been set up here. In 1811 the Dominican monastery was closed and from then on it could be used as a parsonage and school until the parsonage, which still exists today, was built in 1853. The Jakobikirche now fulfilled the function of a burial church. After all, it was restored in 1820, and the roof was repaired in 1841/42.
20th century
The Second World War completely misused the church, it became a Wehrmacht depot. After the end of the war, pastor Alex Schöller campaigned for the rescue of St. Jakob. In 1949 the general renovation was completed. In the following years the cemetery was redesigned and the churchyard wall renovated.
new task
From 1811 to 1950 St. Jakob did not have its own pastor. After the renovation of the church, a new area of responsibility opens up through the formation of a community of “Catholic middle school youth”. From 1950 to 1958, its director was Dr. Josef Pfandl, professor of religion at the Leoben grammar school. In 1958, DDr. Karl Gemes, also a religion teacher at the grammar school, youth work and pastoral care in St. Jakob.
During this time some changes in the church take place: erection of the popular altar, removal of the communion grid, introduction of electric light into the church.
St. Jakob becomes rectorate
In 1967 Dr. Alois Scherübel Professor of Religion in Leoben and responsible for St. Jakob. A year later he received valuable help for pastoral care and youth work in pastoral assistant Ottilie Taucher.
The “middle school chaplaincy”, as it had been built up in St. Jakob since 1950, was confirmed by Bishop Schoiswohl in 1961 : Middle school chaplaincy is fundamentally supra-parish. The St. Jakob branch church in Leoben is expressly designated as a regular pastoral care church.
With effect from January 1, 1970, Bishop Weber raised St. Jakob to the position of rectorate and, in 1975, commissioned the election of a parish council, which has since been converted into a pastoral care group. With this pastoral and administrative independence, St. Jakob received the status of a "personal parish" which was not territorially delimited.
21st century
St. Jacob today
At the 2003 Jacob Festival, Dr. Scherübel retired. His successor as Rector of St. Jakob was Mag. Harald Janser. Since September 2004 the parish priest of St. Xaver, Dr. Markus J. Plöbst, also rector of St. Jakob. He was supported by Kaplan Mag. David Schwingenschuh until June 30, 2007. From September 1st, 2007 to August 30th, 2009 Mag. Grzegorz Póltorak was a chaplain.
literature
- Günther Jontes: The Jakobikirche in Leoben 1188-1810 . In Leoben – St. Jacob. Old soil - young life. Streiflichter, 2nd episode . Published by the Parish Council of the Rectorate Leoben – St. Jakob, Leoben, 1983.
- Matthias Wieland: Old soil - young life. (ibid)
Web links
- Leoben-St.Jakob , Diocese Graz-Seckau
- Rectorate St.Jakob , catholic-kirche-steiermark.at
Coordinates: 47 ° 22 ′ 36.8 " N , 15 ° 5 ′ 58" E