St. Wenceslas Order

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The St. Wenceslas Order , also Wenzel Order or Order of St. Wenceslas and the Knights of St. Wenceslas , Czech Rytířský řád svatého Václava , was a Czech military orders .

The order was named after Saint Wenceslas of Bohemia . On the occasion of his coronation in 1297, King Wenceslas II already beat 249 nobles with the sword of St. Wenceslas to become "Knights of St. Wenceslas". However, there should not have been a formal order of knights. The author Ludwig Kuhn compares the Wenceslas Knights with the Knights of Charlemagne, who were knighted by Charlemagne without a corresponding order. The founder and the date of the foundation are not known.

Under King Sigismund Niklas Lobkowitz was knighted in 1421 for great services to the state . In 1743, shortly after her coronation , Maria Theresa made several people knights of the order.

The order should secure the royal power and one wanted to be armed against the Hussites . The emerging mining, especially the silver deposits, required increased protection.

Knights of the Order (selection)

  • Johann Ferdinand von Lamberg (1689–1764), imperial officer and court and chamber music director
  • Joseph Graf Schaffgoitsche, committee member of the kk privileged mutual fire damage insurance company for Moravia and Silesia
  • Joseph Freyherr von Bretfeld zu Kronenburg, Crown Guardian of the Kingdom of Bohemia ; Archbishop Consistorial Counselor, Chancellor, Chancellery Director and Treasury, State Counsel in the Kingdom of Bohemia, Senior Law Faculty; Dean (between 1769 and 94 with interruptions)
  • Emanuel Freiherr von Trautenberg, member of the Pomological Association and the Bohemian Horticultural Society
  • Franz de Paula Czeczingar von Birnitz ( Cecinkar rytíř z Birnic ) member of the Bohemian parliament, knight from 1836

The order of knights is assigned to Austria in literature .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ludwig Kuhn, Handbook of the history and constitution of all flourishing knight orders in Europe, Camesinasche Buchhandlung Vienna 1811, p. 137
  2. ^ J. Müller, Geographie von Böhmen, Verlag Carl. Wilhelm Medau, Prague and Leitmeritz 1851 p. 21
  3. ^ Austria, Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Österreichs Kaisertumes, kk Hof- und Staats-Aerarial-Druckerei, Vienna 1844, p. 344
  4. ^ Annals of literature and art at home and abroad , year 1811, volume 4, Verlag Anton Doll, Vienna 1811, p. 109
  5. ^ Austria, Court and State Handbook of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy .. kk Hof- und Staats-Aerarial-Druckerei, Vienna 1847, p. 382
  6. ^ Chronicle of the municipality of Bílé Poličany, online at: www.antee.cz , Czech, accessed on September 21, 2010
  7. ↑ Ludwig Kuhn, Handbook of the History and Constitution of All Blooming Knight Orders in Europe, Camesinaschen Buchhandlung, Vienna 1811, p. 229

literature

  • Jaroslaus Schaller , Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia ... (W. Piskaczek), Schönfeld-Meißnerischen Handlung, Prague and Vienna 1790, p. 196

Web links

  • www.eosw.info , website of the modern successor order with information on the history of the original order (Czech)