Steeler city wall
The Steeler city wall was a fortification structure of the former city of Steele . The facility was built around the 15th century and closed from 1815. Steele received city rights in 1578 and was incorporated into the city of Essen in 1929 .
history
General
Two dates are given for the period of construction of the city wall. For the year 1491, written sources mention Muren and Porthen . In the course of local expansion, wall relocations are also mentioned for this time. On the other hand, the year 1548 is not mentioned, as the city wall is said to have been built after the big fire in that year.
The coal sandstone wall was about three meters high and three quarters of a meter wide. There are still two remains of the wall preserved above ground: a fragment near the streets Alte Linien / Grendgasse and a now fortified, approximately 13-meter-long section of the wall in Albertine-Badenberg-Weg. A total of four main and two side gates (mousetrap and hole port) were integrated into the wall.
After extensions in the 18th century, the fortifications were demolished in 1815.
Main gates
Graffwegporte
The Graffwegporte was the western city gate through which the old Graffweg led. The path was once much longer and part of an old Völkerstraße between the Rhine and Weser , also as part of the medieval Hellweg . The term Graff or Graf comes from Gracht (ditch), a path carved in by deep traces of wagon wheels, via concava. A repair of the path is documented for the year 1718.
Penekampsporte
The northern Penekampsporte was named after a Benekamp family named in Steele in 1332. From 1792 the name Scheidtmanntor also appears, after the Scheidtmann family who ran a mill in front of the city gate. The path through what is probably the most insignificant of the four Steeler city gates led to Oberhof Eickenscheidt and a junction to Kray through the Steeler Rott, a cleared area. The gate, which is only three meters high and three meters wide, was leased to Jutta in der Mohlen in 1548. When the medieval Hellweg was abandoned and the road to Bochum was built, the city gate became more important. In 1886 it was the last of the four city gates to be laid down. It was on today's Scheidtmanntor street, which was called Pennekampstor until 1926.
Steenwegporte
The eponymous Steinweg led through the Steenwegporte. The city gate, also known as Knopsporthe, was later called Isinger Tor and was located in the northeast of the city wall. From here the Hellweg led up the Steeler Berg in a north-east direction to Bochum. In front of the gate was a mill, which had been owned by farmer Schulte-Ising since 1667. After it was completely renovated in 1818, it burned down with the Isinger Tor in 1842, the remains of which were then laid down. The mill alone was rebuilt, but no longer exists today.
Grindporte
The Grindporte, also called Lattgesporthe, was the southern city gate. It was due to the city pasture, the Grend. Today the street Grendtor runs south from Grendplatz.
Web links
- Ground monument of the remains of the wall on Albertine-Badenberg-Weg - excerpt from the list of monuments of the city of Essen
- Architectural monument of the remains of the wall on the Albertine-Badenberg-Weg - extract from the list of monuments of the city of Essen
- Architectural and ground monument of the remains of the wall at Alte Linien / Grendgasse - excerpt from the list of monuments of the city of Essen
Individual evidence
- ^ Lehnhäuser: Material on the history of Steeles; Essen, 1941
- ^ A b c Erwin Dickhoff: Essen streets . Ed .: City of Essen - Historical Association for City and Monastery of Essen. Klartext-Verlag, Essen 2015, ISBN 978-3-8375-1231-1 .