Straton I. (Sidon)

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Straton I. (also Straton of Sidon ; Phoenician Abdastart ; † 358 BC) was from 376 to 370 BC. And from 361 to 358 BC. King of the Phoenician city ​​of Sidon .

Regency

Decree of honor in favor of Straton

Straton was initially a vassal under the Persian great king Artaxerxes II. Athens honored him with a decree for keeping the Greek trade routes to Persia open . It is not possible to date the drafting; the decree can be drawn up either in the first or at the beginning of the second term of office.

“He (Straton) supported the Athenian ambassadors very successfully who traveled to the Persian great king on behalf of the Athenian people. In response to the good things Straton, the king of Sidon, will bring to the Athenians, the king of Sidon receives the status of an Athenian proxenus for himself and his descendants . This decree will be inscribed on a marble stele within the next ten days and placed on the Acropolis of Sidon. Based on this inscription , he (Straton) will receive 30 drachmas out of ten talents in the future  . In addition, all citizens who come to Athens with the permission of the king are granted the right of hospitality to trade. All those who fall under this guest right may not be charged with taxes at the place of their guest stay. "

- Decree in honor of Straton

Breach of alliance

In the course of the satrap uprisings , Straton broke his alliance and joined forces in 359 BC. Chr. Pharaoh speedometer on, in an alliance with Chabrias and Agesilaus proceeded against Artaxerxes II.. Tachos, who was ousted from power by Nectanebo II during the campaign , is said to have received asylum from Straton after his escape . In the further course of the satrap uprisings, Straton died a short time later in 358 BC. Around the same time as Nicocles , who also revolted against Persian rule.

The sarcophagus of the weeping women. (Istanbul Archaeological Museum)

Tennes (Tabnit) succeeded Straton I as King of Sidon.

sarcophagus

The so-called sarcophagus of the weeping women, which Osman Hamdi Bey discovered in the royal necropolis of Sidon in 1887 , was probably commissioned for the corpse of King Straton I. The reliefs on the sides of this work, made in the Hellenistic style, show women mourning the death of the king, which is where the name of the coffin comes from. Today it can be seen in the Archaeological Museum of Istanbul alongside other coffins of Sidon kings.

literature

  • Pierre Briant : From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire . Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake 2002, ISBN 1-575-06031-0 .
  • Phillip Harding: From the end of the Peloponnesian War to the battle of Ipsus . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1998, ISBN 0-521-29949-7
  • Amélie Kuhrt: The Persian Empire: A corpus of sources from the Achaemenid period, vol. 1 . Routledge, London 2007, ISBN 978-0-415-40910-0 .
  • Robert Fleischer: The plaintive sarcophagus from Sidon from Istanbul research, 34. (Tübingen, Ernst Wasmuth, 1983)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This corresponds to 0.5% of (tax) income.
  2. ↑ Phillip Harding: From the end of the Peloponnesian War to the battle of Ipsus . Pp. 56-57.
  3. ^ Briant, From Cyrus to Alexander . P. 665.


predecessor Office successor
? King of Sidon
376-370 BC BC and 361–358 BC Chr. 		Tennes
personal data
SURNAME Straton I.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Straton of Sidon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of Sidon
DATE OF BIRTH before 376 BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 358 BC Chr.