Sudanese jihad from 1992

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The 1992 jihad was declared by clergymen from the Kordofan region against the insurgent Nuba at the behest of the Sudanese government .

From the mid-1980s, part of the Nuba under Yousif Kuwa had joined the SPLA uprising against the government in South Sudan . The government then prepared local Arab tribes for the counterinsurgency. In 1991, a large-scale military offensive began aimed at the complete relocation of the Nuba from the Nuba Mountains , which involved mass rape, the destruction of villages and the disappearance of people. The declaration of jihad should justify and support this campaign.

Jihad was declared in al-Ubayyid in March and April 1992 after government and military representatives met several times with local tribal leaders and clergy . Six ulamas passed a corresponding fatwa . The jihad against the Nuba - the majority of whom had been Muslim themselves since the 1980s - was justified by the fact that Muslim Nuba who joined the rebels were guilty of apostasy . Several clergy from Kordofan had refused to participate in the fatwa.

The governor of Kordofan and his commissioner for South Kordofan were significantly involved. President Omar al-Bashir was present at the closing ceremony and accepted the title of Imam al-Jihad . Hasan at-Turabi , on the other hand, avoided speaking out in public for this jihad, although he supported it ideologically.

From 1993 onwards, the military campaign against the Nuba lost its intensity and the goal of relocating all Nuba was abandoned. The decisive factor here was the strong resistance of the SPLA rebels. There was also disagreement within the government and the army as to whether the aim should be to eradicate the Nuba's cultural independence or merely to achieve a military victory over the SPLA, and ultimately the restriction to the fight against the SPLA prevailed. The attitude of the population in the cities of North Kordo fans, who were prevented by the state security forces from helping resettled Nuba, also played a certain role. The serious human rights violations on the Nuba became known internationally in 1995. In 2002, the Bürgenstock Agreement largely ended the war in the Nuba Mountains.

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