Suliko
Suliko (სულიკო) is a Georgian word that means soul . Suliko is also a Georgian given name, which can be both female and male. It is also the title of a love poem that Akaki Tsereteli wrote in 1895 and which was then set to music. Tsereteli meant his homeland Georgia, which he was looking for. It is considered a traditional Georgian folk song. During the reign of Josef Stalin , whose favorite song is said to have been by Russian and German authors (in fact, was his favorite song, like every Georgian knows Fly Black Swallow ), radiated radio station the song often made so that it all over the Soviet Union was widespread . After the end of the Second World War , Suliko also achieved a high level of awareness in the Eastern Bloc . It was often played at funerals. In German, the song became known primarily through the interpretation by Ernst Busch .
Story of the song
Tsereteli wrote the poem Suliko in 1895 and published it in Tbilisi in the same year in the social democratic magazine Kvali (dt. Furrow ). A little later the author asked his cousin Barbara (Varinka) Tsereteli from Sestafoni to compose music for guitar accompaniment to this poem. She complied with this request and thus appeared public for the first time in 1898. Soon afterwards , the British company Phonograph had records made with the song in the house of the writer, journalist and translator Iwan Machabeli in Tbilisi . In addition, Varinka Tsereteli performed successfully with the song in 1905 on the stage of the People's Theater in Kutaisi .
The song Suliko came from regional fame from 1937, when the women's choir Auxentius Megrelidze presented it to a larger audience during a week of Georgian culture in Moscow . Josef Stalin , who was ruling the Soviet Union at the time and who himself came from Georgia, liked the song and had it coined and distributed on data carriers. Mostly Suliko was called a folk song , the poet A. Tsereteli hardly anyone knew. The composer Varinka Tsereteli was not mentioned until the 1980s.
Suliko was considered a popular song in all republics of the Soviet Union for many years, even after Stalin's death. In Russian, the texts were recorded on 25 different recordings. The German text from 1949 formed the basis of the song that was widespread in the GDR , which was also called Feinsliebchen , for several decades . Suliko was carried on in music and Russian lessons as well as by numerous choirs . There is also the adaptation of the verses by Akaki Zeletreri made for Ernst Busch, which is more based on the original text. The number of German stanzas does not match the Georgian original.
Use of the name
An opera company from Kuressaare (Estonia) has given itself the name Suliko .
In 2006, the director Liana Jakeli made a half-hour documentary film "Sada Khar, Chemo Suliko?" ( Where are you, my Suliko? ) Telling the story of the song and its authors.
A literary adaptation by Adolf Endler can be found in the anthology: Georgian poetry from eight centuries , Verlag Volk und Welt, Berlin 1971, pp. 147–148
text
| Georgian original | German prose translation | German version Text in the version by Ernst Busch |
First published text in 1949 |
|---|---|---|---|
| საყვარლის საფლავს ვეძებდი, ვერ ვნახე! .. დაკარგულიყო! .. გულამოსკვნილი ვჩიოდი "სადა ხარ, ჩემო სულიკო ?!" |
I looked for my beloved's grave, I couldn't find it - it was lost! Weeping bitterly, I complained: "Where are you, my Suliko?" | I'm looking for the grave of my loved ones, asking everywhere: Who knows where? I often cry, complaining of my heartache: "Where are you, my dear Suliko?" |
Oh, if I look for the grave of my loved ones everywhere, oh no fate. Weeping I often complain of my heartache: "Where are you lost happiness?" |
| ეკალში ვარდი შევნიშნე, ობლად რომ ამოსულიყო, გულის ფანცქალით ვკითხავდი "შენ ხომ არა ხარ სულიკო ?!" |
In the thorns I noticed a rose that had risen orphaned. With a trembling heart I asked her: "Isn't it you, Suliko?" | The rose bloomed there at the edge of the forest, beautiful in the morning sun, quiet and happy. "I ask the little flower hopefully: Say, are you my dear Suliko?" |
A little rose bloomed in the bushes, beautiful in the morning sun, blissful. I longingly asked the little flower: "Say are you my darling oh speak!" |
| ნიშნად თანხმობის კოკობი შეირხა ... თავი დახარა, ცვარ-მარგალიტი ციური დაბლა ცრემლებად დაჰყარა. |
The bud swayed as a sign of approval ... She bowed her head, heavenly dew pearls fell down as tears. | - | - |
| სულგანაბული ბულბული ფოთლებში მიმალულიყო, მივეხმატკბილე ჩიტუნას "შენ ხომ არა ხარ სულიკო ?!" |
A nightingale hid itself quietly and still in the leaves. I spoke to the bird in a tender voice: "Isn't it you, Suliko?" | The nightingale sang in the branches. My heart burned brightly "Tell me, you lovely singer: Are you my dear Suliko?" |
When the nightingale sang in the branches, I fearfully asks the lucky bird: "Please tell me, you singer, are you the dearest of mine?" |
| შეიფრთქიალა მგოსანმა, ყვავილს ნისკარტი შეახო, ჩაიკვნეს-ჩაიჭიკჭიკა, თითქოს სთქვა "დიახ, დიახო!" |
The singer fluttered up, touched the flower with her beak and began to chirp with a sigh, as if to say: "Yes, yes!" | If the nightingale leans its head on it. From the glow of the roses it sounded as bright as silver and comforting like her song: "Yes, it's me, I'm Suliko!" |
When the nightingale leans its head on it, the glow of the rose rings back - dearly and tenderly, like a gentle caress : "Yes, it's me, it's your happiness!" |
| დაგვქათქათებდა ვარსკვლავი, სხივები გადმოსულიყო, მას შევეკითხე შეფრქვევით "შენ ხომ არა ხარ სულიყო ?!" |
A star blinked down on us, its rays had penetrated. I asked him tearfully: "Isn't it you, Suliko?" | - | - |
| დასტური მომცა ციმციმით, სხივები გადმომაყარა და იმ დროს ყურში ჩურჩულით ნიავმაც ასე მახარა |
With its glitter it gave me its confirmation, let its rays fall on me, and at that moment a breath of wind whispered the good news in my ear: | - | - |
| “ეგ არის, რასაც ეძებდი, მორჩი და მოისვენეო! დღე დაიღამე აწ ტკბილად და ღამე გაითენეო! " |
“That is what you were looking for, get well and find peace! From now on, spend the day pleasantly and also the night! " | - | - |
| "სამად შექმნილა ის ერთი: ვარსკვლავად, ბულბულ, ვარდადო, თქვენ ერთანეთი რადგანაც ამ ქვეყნად შეგიყვარდათო". |
"From that one three have now been created: star, nightingale and rose, because you have grown to love one another here on earth." | - | - |
| მენიშნა! .. აღარ დავეძებ საყვარლის კუბო-სამარეს, აღარც შევსჩივი ქვეყანას, აღარ ვღვრი ცრემლებს მდუღარეს! |
It showed itself to me! I will no longer search for the coffin and grave of my beloved, nor will I complain to the world of my suffering, nor will I shed hot tears. | - | - |
| ბულბულს ყურს ვუგდებ, ვარდს ვყნოსავ, ვარსკვლავს შევყურებ ლხენითა და, რასაცა ვგრძნობ მე იმ დროს, ვერ გამომითქვამს ენითა! |
I listen to the nightingale, suck in the scent of the rose, look at the star with delight, and what I feel about it I cannot put into words! | - | - |
| ისევ გამეხსნა სიცოცხლე, დღემდე რომ მწარედ კრულ იყო, ახლა კი ვიცი, სადაც ხარ: სამგან გაქვს ბინა, სულიკო! |
Life has opened up to me again, which has been bitterly cursed until today. But now I know where you are: You are at home in three places, Suliko! | - | - |
Web links
Below are some of Suliko's vocal performances circulating on the internet :
- Mdzlevari ensemble
- Suliko from the Alexandrow Ensemble
- Choir Academy of Mendeleev University
- Franco Tenelli (with English subtitles)
- N. Varshanidze, Ch. Surmanidze & Ensemble Batumi, Georgia
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Catalog of Russian records on records.su , accessed on July 21, 2014
- ↑ a b life. To sing. Fight. Songbook of the FDJ , Verlag Neues Leben, Berlin, 1949; Page 256f. Adaptation by Alexander Ott .
- ↑ Brief information on the documentary Where are you, my Suliko? (English) at www.geocinema.ge , accessed on July 21, 2914
- ↑ Taken from the Russian Wikipedia Сулико (песня)
- ↑ Suliko sung by Ernst Busch on youtube.com, accessed on July 21, 2014