Sultanate of Maguindanao

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Flag of the Sultanate of Maguindanao

The Sultanate of Maguindanao was a powerful sultanate on the island of Mindanao in the south of the Philippines from 1475 to 1861 .

Territory expansion

In addition to the Sultanate of Maguindanao, there were other sultanates in the Philippines, of which the Sultanate of Sulu and the Sultanate of Buayan were the largest.

In its heyday, the Sultanate's territory stretched from the Zamboanga Peninsula to Sarangani Bay and Davao . At that time it occupied much of the island of Mindanao and its scope extended to many of its neighboring islands as well. In the 17th century the village of Cotabato developed into the capital of the sultanate.

languages

The native languages ​​Maguindanao, Marano and Manobo were represented in the area of ​​the sultanate. In addition, Malay and, as the official language, Arabic have spread there over time .

history

Shariff Mohammed Kabungsuwan of Johor , a member of the Malacca royal family , invaded the central lands of Mindanao in the mid-15th century. The ethnic group of the Maguindanaos lived here. He married a local princess there and founded the Sultanate of Maguindanao in 1475. The center of the sultanate was on the Cotabato river plain . Here he began to spread and establish Islam on his rulership.

Contributing to the success of the rapid spread of Islam was the fact that missionaries spread their faith by persuasion and diplomacy rather than the sword.

Muhammad Dipatuan Qudratullah Nasiruddin , also known as Qudarat or Sultan Kudarat, was one of the most important sultans in Mindanao. During his reign, the sultanate reached its greatest extent in terms of area and he managed to successfully drive the Spaniards back from his area of ​​influence throughout his tenure.

Abd al-Rahman, his grandson, expanded the power and influence of the Sultanate, but not its territory.

The sultanates defended themselves against the Spanish colonial claims for many decades. At times they formed alliances, but also fought each other again and again. So it came to alliances between the sultanates and the Spaniards, as in 1719, when the then Sultan of Maguindanao concluded a treaty with the Spanish colonial power, which secured him support in his war against the Sultanate of Sulu.

Around 1730 the power of the sultanate began to weaken due to internal disagreements and disputes. It was precisely the alliances with the Spaniards that ultimately let the sultanate go under.

Decline

At the beginning of the 19th century, the Spaniards succeeded in taking the dates of smaller domains for themselves and thus building a growing alliance against the sultanates. From 1837 the Spanish colonial power gained control of the Sultanate of Maguindanao and by 1861 they managed to take the entire area of ​​today's Cotabato . Sultan Kudarat II finally left Cotabato to the Spaniards and had an annual pension payment of 1000 Pesos for himself and 800 Pesos for his son guaranteed.

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