Sungguminasa
Coordinates: 5 ° 12 ′ S , 119 ° 27 ′ E
Sungguminasa is a city ( kota ) in Indonesia on the island of Sulawesi , Sulawesi Selatan Province ("South Sulawesi"), about 10 km south of the provincial capital Makassar .
Sungguminasa, the majority of the inhabitants of which are Bugis , used to be the capital of the Gowa Kingdom , which occupied most of southern and western Sulawesi around 1600, which is why the city is often called " Gowa " for short . The last palace of the kings of Gowa is in Sungguminasa. In the 1936 built entirely of wood, the Balla Lompoa Museum is housed, whose most important exhibits include the 16 kg crown of kings. The building was renovated in 1978-80.
Sungguminasa is also known because of the fortress Benteng Samba Opu , which was built in 1550 to protect the merchants resident in the city and where merchants from China, England, Portugal and Denmark lived at times. The fortress, along with 11 other fortifications on Sulawesi, had to be left to the Dutch in 1667 and then fell into disrepair. Some of the brick walls have already been restored or - like a bastion and a round tower - are currently (2015) being restored through restoration work. Another section of the fortress walls can easily be seen under the vegetation. The wall is the thickest in the western part of the fortress facing the sea with a thickness of 7 m, which could indicate that the fortress was primarily intended to protect against attacks from the sea. Inside the fortress there is a museum, in front of which a cannon reminds of the colonial times, and in which, among other things, weapons and porcelain are exhibited. In addition, an open-air museum was created within the fortress, in which the typical construction of the different peoples of South Sulawesi is shown.
Not far north of Sungguminasa are the tombs of the kings of Gowa. Sultan Hasanuddin (1629–1670) who fought against the Dutch colonial power is buried here, who is revered as a national hero . At the cemetery, under a protective roof, you can see the stone Tomanurung , where the coronation ceremonies of kings took place.
Near Sungguminasa about 12 km south of the center of Makassar is the Katangka Mosque ( Masjid Katangka ), founded in 1607 , which is one of the oldest mosques in Sulawesi and got its current appearance in 1963.
In the vicinity is the Leang Leang Cave, which was probably inhabited by people over 5000 years ago.
Individual evidence
- ^ Catherine Bourzat: Indonésie , p. 557.Boulogne-Billancourt 2013
- ↑ Stefan Loose: Indonesia - from Sumatra to Sulawesi , p. 572. Ostfildern 2013
- ↑ St. Surya Atmaja: Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan , p. 101. Jakarta 2014. ISBN 978-979-755-232-9
- ↑ Nurul Noe: Makassar dan sekitarnya , p. 29. Jakarta 2014
- ↑ Nurul Noe: Makassar dan sekitarnya , p. 28 Jakarta 2014
- ↑ Dr. Peter Baumgarten: Asia , p. 431. Ostfildern-Kemnat 1985
- ↑ Nurul Noe: Makassar dan sekitarnya , p. 26. Jakarta 2014
- ↑ Dr. Peter Baumgarten: Asia , p. 432. Ostfildern-Kemnat 1985