Supplik

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The petition of Adolph von Menzel

Supplik (also supplic , supplique , supplication from Latin supplicium , the pleading request ') is a request, especially in written form a petition or a petition letter , which one or more supplicants express or send in an individual case.

description

In the early modern period up to the 19th century, the supplik was a way of influencing a higher-ranking institution or person, such as a sovereign , especially in cases where there was no legal basis to improve their situation. Therefore, it had to be drawn up or pronounced with great respect and many submissive formulas (“most submissive request”).

Complaints about injustice suffered, requests for protection from interference by other higher-ranking persons or institutions, but also requests for help in cases of damage, in particular in the event of force majeure such as conflagrations or military conflicts, such as billeting , were presented in the form of suppliks . But the request for a revision of a judgment was also raised in the form of a supplic. In Catholic canon law , special formalities are provided for supplics to the Pope .

In modern times the petition was set up for such cases in democratically constituted states .

According to the petitions that could be handed over there, the petition linden tree was called in Potsdam .

Examples

  • Petition from the Dutch nobility to the Spanish governor Margaret of Parma (1566), → Geusen
  • Petition from Margarete Bucklin, who has been accused of witchcraft, to the Margrave of Ansbach (1594)
  • Petitions from the miller of Sanssouci to the Prussian king (around 1750), → Historic mill of Sanssouci
  • Petition from Christiane Vulpius to Goethe as Minister of the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach because of her brother (1788), → Christiane von Goethe
  • Petition from the citizens of Basel for an extension of the people's rights of the rural population (1830), → Stephan Gutzwiller
  • Petition from Leopold Mozart to the Archbishop of Salzburg for an additional salary (1777), (Erich Schenk: Mozart. P. 325)

literature

  • Annett Büttner: Hopes of a minority: supplics of Jewish residents to the Hamburg Senate in the 19th century . LIT-Verlag, Münster 2003 (publications of the Hamburg working group for regional history; 18)
  • Siegfried Grosse u. a .: "Because writing is not part of my occupation": The everyday life of small people in petitions, letters and reports from the 19th century; A reader . JHW Dietz Nachf., Bonn 1989, ISBN 3-8012-5005-9 .
  • Cecilia Nubola et al. a. (Ed.): Petitions and Gravamina: Petitions, Gravamina and supplicas in the early modern period in Europe; Conferences Trento, 25. – 26. November 1999 / Trient, 14.-16. December 2000 . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005.
  • Klaus Tenfelde (Ed.): Up to the steps of the throne: Petitions and complaints from miners in the age of industrialization . Beck, Munich 1986.

See also

Web links

Wiktionary: Supplik  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
Commons : Petitions  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files