Susan Fiske

Susan Tufts Fiske (born August 19, 1952 ) is an American social psychologist.

Life

She is the daughter of the psychologist and professor at the University of Chicago Donald W. Fiske , her mother Barbara Page Fiske was a leader in the civil rights movement in Chicago. Her brother, Alan Fiske, is a professor of anthropology at UCLA. Fiske studied sociology at Radcliffe College and received his PhD from Harvard University in 1978 (Attention and the Weighting of Behavior in Person Perception) . At Harvard, she began working with Shelley Taylor on social recognition, which led to her book on social cognition and a connection between social psychology and cognitive psychology. She is the Eugene Higgins Professor of Psychology at Princeton University .

She is married to Princeton sociology professor Douglas Massey .

plant

It deals with social recognition, prejudices and stereotypes and how these are shaped by social relationships (cooperation, competition, power). Together with colleagues, she developed the Stereotype Content Model (SCM) in 2002 , according to which the prejudice manifested in the reputation of social groups on warmth (influenced by the fact that there is no competition in the group) and competence (status) and not on one criterion alone which can also lead to ambivalent classifications. For example, low warmth (high competition) and low competence (as in the case of poor sections of the population and social assistance recipients) lead to contempt, high competence and low warmth (for example, with prejudice against Jews, Asians, rich people) lead to envy and resentment, low competence and high Warmth to a paternalistic, fatherly regretful attitude (for example older, disabled people, housewives), high warmth and competence in admiration and pride (for example ingroup ).

Stereotypical content model

With Peter Glick, she developed the ambivalent sexism theory, which is based on two types of prejudice against women, reflective of hostile and positive attitudes. She investigated how power, defined as the control of important resources, affects stereotypes and developed a continuum model for how impressions of people arise in others, controlled by the information available and the motives of the person in whom the impression arises.

Replication crisis

A wave of repetitions of experiments by social psychologists and in other areas of psychology often led to negative results, especially in the 2010s - the results could not be reproduced ( replication crisis ). Some critics re-examined widely and systematically some previously sensational work by psychologists and published them in the online media bypassing the established academic publication channels. Fiske criticized these procedures and their representatives without naming them as methological terrorism . In their opinion they should express their criticism only either in person or in peer-reviewed journals, saw a form of fanaticism ( self-appointed data Police ) in the approach of these critics and she looked in the Public Distribution on Twitter and Facebook a form of bullying ( public bullying ) . The activity of these critics, who often criticize statistical errors and weaknesses and also come from fields other than psychology such as sociology or political science, would damage careers, poison the climate in psychology, undermine science and, moreover, often without peer review, theirs after theirs Spreading opinion suspicious results. Fiske's criticism was supposed to appear in a letter to APS Observer, but first reached the public and sparked a heated controversy. In the published version of her letter, Fiske defused some of her formulations, but again complained that the tone of discussion was slipping and that there was damage to science: colleagues at all career levels report emigration from the research field due to what they see as pure hostile malice. I've heard of PhD students leaving academia, assistant professors afraid to apply for a professorship, mid-career researchers worried about how to protect their labs, and senior faculty members who are retiring early for all of it an atmosphere of methodological intimidation Fiske published further conclusions and recommendations from the replication crisis afterwards.

Honors, memberships, editing

Fiske edited the Annual Review of Psychology with Daniel Schacter and Shelley Taylor and the Handbook of Social Psychology with Daniel Gilbert and Gardner Lindzey . In 2005 Fiske was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , 2013 to the National Academy of Sciences and 2014 to the American Philosophical Society . In 2010 she became a Fellow of the British Academy . She has been a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science since 2009 and became a Guggenheim Fellow in 2009. She is an honorary doctor of the Universities of Leiden, Basel and the Catholic University of Leuven. She was president of the Association for Psychological Science . For 2020, Fiske was awarded the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award for the humanities and social sciences.

Fonts (selection)

with Shelley Taylor: Social Cognition. From Brains to Culture, 4th edition, Sage 2013 (1st edition Addison-Wesley, Random House, 1984)
with SL Neuberg: A continuum model of impression formation, from category-based to individuating processes: Influence of formation and motivation on attention and interpretation, in: MP Zanna (Hrsg.), Advances in experimental social psychology, Volume 23, 1990, p 1-74
Controlling other people: The impact of power on stereotyping, American Psychologist, Volume 48, 1993, pp. 621-628.
with P. Glick: The ambivalent sexism inventory: Differentiating hostile and benevolent sexism, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Volume 70, 1996, pp. 491-512.
with M. Lin, SL Neuberg: The continuum model, in: S. Chaiken, Y. Trope (Eds.), Dual-Process Theories in Social Psychology. Guilford Press 1999.
Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination at the seam between the centuries: Evolution, culture, mind, and brain, European Journal of Social Psychology, Volume 30, 2000, pp. 299-322.
with Amy J. Cuddy, Peter Glick, Jun Xu: A Model of (Often Mixed) Stereotype Content: Competence and Warmth Respectively Follow From Perceived Status and Competition, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, B and 82, 2002, p. 878– 902.
Journey to the edges: Social structures and neural maps of intergroup processes, British Journal of Social Psychology, Volume 51, 2012, pp. 1-12.
with M. Cikara: Bounded empathy: Neural responses to outgroup targets' (mis) fortunes, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, Volume 23, 2011, pp. 3791-3803
with Alexander T. Todorov, Deborah Prentice: Social neuroscience: Toward understanding the underpinnings of the social mind, Oxford University Press 2011.
Envy Up, Scorn Down: How Status Divides Us, Russell Sage Foundation 2011
with Chris Malone: The Human Brand: How We Relate to People, Products, and Companies, San Francisco: Jossey Basse 2013
Social Beings, 4th edition, Wiley 2014

Web links

Princeton website
Jennifer Viegas, Profile of Susan Fiske , PNAS, Volume 112, 2015, pp. 3587-3588

Individual evidence

^ Rafi last, Scientists are furious after a famous psychologist accused her peers of 'methodological terrorism' , Business Insider, September 22, 2016
^ Draft of Observer Column Sparks Strong Social Media Response , APS 2016
^ Fiske, A Call to Change Science's Culture of Shaming , APS Observer, October 31, 2016
↑ Fiske, APS Observer 2016: Our colleagues at all career stages have reported leaving the field because of what they see as sheer adversarial viciousness. I have heard from graduate students opting out of academia, assistant professors afraid to come up for tenure, midcareer people wondering how to protect their labs, and senior faculty retiring early, all reportedly because of an atmosphere of methodological intimidation .
^ ST Fiske: Going in Many Right Directions, All at Once. In: Perspectives on psychological science: a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. Volume 12, number 4, 07 2017, pp. 652-655, doi : 10.1177 / 1745691617706506 , PMID 28727963 , PMC 5520646 (free full text).
^ ST Fiske: How to Publish Rigorous Experiments in the 21 Century. In: Journal of experimental social psychology. Volume 66, September 2016, pp. 145–147, doi : 10.1016 / j.jesp.2016.01.006 , PMID 30555180 , PMC 6294447 (free full text).

personal data
SURNAME	Fiske, Susan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Fiske, Susan Tufts (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	American social psychologist
DATE OF BIRTH	19th August 1952

[1] Rafi last, Scientists are furious after a famous psychologist accused her peers of 'methodological terrorism' , Business Insider, September 22, 2016

[2] Draft of Observer Column Sparks Strong Social Media Response , APS 2016

[3] Fiske, A Call to Change Science's Culture of Shaming , APS Observer, October 31, 2016

[4] Fiske, APS Observer 2016: Our colleagues at all career stages have reported leaving the field because of what they see as sheer adversarial viciousness. I have heard from graduate students opting out of academia, assistant professors afraid to come up for tenure, midcareer people wondering how to protect their labs, and senior faculty retiring early, all reportedly because of an atmosphere of methodological intimidation .

[5] ST Fiske: Going in Many Right Directions, All at Once. In: Perspectives on psychological science: a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. Volume 12, number 4, 07 2017, pp. 652-655, doi : 10.1177 / 1745691617706506 , PMID 28727963 , PMC 5520646 (free full text).

[6] ST Fiske: How to Publish Rigorous Experiments in the 21 Century. In: Journal of experimental social psychology. Volume 66, September 2016, pp. 145–147, doi : 10.1016 / j.jesp.2016.01.006 , PMID 30555180 , PMC 6294447 (free full text).