Syllis complex
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Syllis | ||||||||||||
| Savigny , 1812 |
As " Syllis complex" a group of Vielborstern (after Licher (1999) Polychaeta ) indicates that usually the taxa Syllis , Typosyllis , Langerhansia or Haplosyllis provided.
With over 400 described species , this is the largest group within the Syllidae (Syllidae). All species have in common the possession of a single pharyngeal tooth ("armament"), in which they differ from other Syllinae. Since the animals are very similar in their other morphology , they are often systematically treated together.
The taxonomy within the Syllis complex is largely unclear and varies from author to author. Such contradictions essentially result from the fact that the differences used by the authors to distinguish species from one another vary considerably. On the other hand, there is a high variability of the species, which rarely allows a correct description of the phenotype .
diagnosis
Due to the possession or lack of certain types of bristles, four taxa are usually distinguished:
Syllis
To Syllis Savigny, 1812, those species of the Syllis complex are presented whose bristles are composed anteriorly and posteriorly, but are simple in the middle region of the body.
Typosyllis
To Typosyllis Langerhans, 1879, those species of the Syllis complex are placed whose bristles are composed in all segments and have relatively short (falcigere) end links.
Langerhansia
To Langerhansia Czerniavsky 1881 those types of Syllis made complex whose bristles are composed in all segments and both relatively short (falcigere) and long (pseudospinigere) end members carry.
Haplosyllis
At Haplosyllis Langerhans, 1879, those species of the Syllis complex are listed whose bristles are exclusively simple and tomahawk-shaped in all segments.
Taxonomy
Taxonomy according to Langerhans (1879)
Langerhans (1879) first distinguished the taxa Syllis , Typosyllis , Ehlersia and Haplosyllis as subgenus of Syllis based on the occurrence and shape of simple and complex bristles .
Czerniavsky (1881) described a taxon Langerhansia , which was later identified as a synonym of Ehlersia . Strangely enough, however, the newer name Langerhansia has prevailed, although Ehlersia would have had the older naming rights.
Since Langerhans (1879) no significant new knowledge about the systematics of Syllis , Typosyllis , Langerhansia and Haplosyllis has been gained. In the meantime there are numerous, mutually modified views on the phylogenetic relationships of these taxa to one another. Some authors retained the distinction between the four Langerhans' Syllis subgenera. Other authors elevated each of these taxa to genus level. Still other authors understood Syllis and Haplosyllis as a genus and put Typosyllis and Langerhansia as a subgenus of Syllis . In other works Syllis , Typosyllis and Haplosyllis were interpreted as a genus, within Typosyllis, however, a distinction was made between the subgenus Typosyllis and Langerhansia . Still other authors put all kinds of Syllis , Typosyllis , Langerhansia and Haplosyllis in one genus Syllis , without distinguishing between subgenus.
Taxonomy according to Hartmann-Schröder (1962 ff.)
Hartmann-Schröder differentiates between Haplosyllis , Syllis and Typosyllis . The author places species with long composite bristles in a separate sub-genus Langerhansia for Typosyllis .
- Haplosyllis
- Syllis
- Typosyllis (Typosyllis)
- Typosyllis (Langerhansia)
Taxonomy according to San Martín (1984 ff.)
San Martín (1984) only distinguishes Haplosyllis from Syllis . The author places all species with composite bristles in a common genus Syllis :
- Haplosyllis
- Syllis
Taxonomy according to Licher (1999)
Licher (1999) differentiates in his "Revision of the genus Typosyllis " three genera, but dispenses with sub-genera:
- Haplosyllis
- Syllis
- Typosyllis
Web links
literature
- Czerniavsky, V. (1881): [Materialia ad zoographiam Ponticam comparatam]. [In Russian]. - Bull. Soc. imp. nat. Moscou, 55: 213-363.
- Hartmann-Schröder, G. (1962): On the knowledge of the eulittoral of the Chilean Pacific coast and the Argentine coast of southern Patagonia with special consideration of the polychaetes and ostracods. The polychaetes of the eulittoral. - Mitt. Hamb. zool. Mus. Inst., 60: 1-270.
- Langerhans, P. (1879): The worm fauna of Madeira. Pt. 1st . - Z. scientific Zool, 32 (4): 513-592..
- Licher, F. (1999): Revision of the genus Typosyllis Langerhans, 1879 (Polychaeta: Syllidae). Morphology, Taxonomy and Phylogeny. Dissertation, University of Osnabrück, Department of Biology / Chemistry. - Dep. Senckenberg. natural research. Ges., 551: 1-363.
- San Martín, G. (1984): Estudio biogeográfico, faunístico y systemático de los poliquetos de la familia sílidos (Syllidae: Polychaeta) en Baleares. Tesis Doctoral 187/84, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid., 1-529.