Palpata
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Different representatives of the palpata: |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||
| Palpata | ||||||||||
| Rouse & Fauchald 1997 |
Palpata is the name of a subclass of partly sessile and tube-building , partly more freely movable, as filter feeders , predators ( carnivores ) or scavengers of living polychaete (polychaeta) that can be found in oceans worldwide.
features
The Palpata characterized by a pair of ventral oriented palps on the Board Prostomium , only in the Spionida on Peristomium sit. In the Aciculata , these palps have a purely sensory function, which is considered to be the original characteristic. In the Canalipalpata , the palps have an eyelash groove with which food particles are transported to the mouth, that is, food intake is their main function. The palps of the Canalipalpata also often carry tentacles - cirrus - to filter food particles out of the water. In the sister group of the palpata, the Scolecida , there are no palps.
Systematics
The subclass Palpata, which includes a large part of the genera and species of the Polychaeta, is divided into the two orders Aciculata and Canalipalpata .
The aciculata usually move freely by running, crawling, or swimming, although some species build living tubes. They correspond to the ancient taxon Errantia. The great mobility is made possible for them by the aciculae in the parapodia , strong bristles that serve as the inner skeleton to which strong muscle packages attach. An evertable pharynx with jaws enables scavengers and predators to ingest large chunks of food.
The Canalipalpata, on the other hand, are sessile and always build tubes for themselves . They correspond to a part of the old taxon Sedentaria, which also included the Scolecida . Detritus particles swirl as filter feeders from the water flow , which is made possible by the two palps developed as complex tentacle structures on which eyelashes transport the food particles to the mouth.
literature
- Stanley J. Edmonds: Fauna of Australia, Volume 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis 4. Commonwealth of Australia, 2000. Class Polychaeta. P. 120, Palpata.
- Gregory W. Rouse, Kristian Fauchald (1998): Recent views on the status, delineation, and classification of the Annelida. (PDF). American Zoologist. 38 (6), pp. 953-964. doi: 10.1093 / icb / 38.6.953
- Peter Ax: The system of Metazoa II. A textbook on phylogenetic systematics. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart / Jena 1999. pp. 47–56, chapter Polychaeta : Palpata , p. 50.
Web links
- Fredrik Pleijel, Gregory W. Rouse: Palpata. In: The Tree of Life Web Project, 2004.