Day of the soil

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The day of the soil ( Arabic يوم الأرض, DMG yaum al-arḍ ; Hebrew יוֹם הַאֲדָמָה jom ha-adama ) is an annual day of remembrance and protest. It will be celebrated on March 30th in the Palestinian Autonomous Territories , but also in Europe, and is directed against state expropriations of Arab Israelis in Israel.

Emergence

In March 1976 the Israeli government expropriated 21,000 hectares of land from Arab Israelis . In Israel, expropriations are only possible in certain legally regulated exceptional cases. The expropriated property in Galilee was to be made available primarily to neighboring communities for development and industrial projects and to change the situation in the region. Protests against the expropriation were banned and the Israeli authorities imposed a curfew on the affected communities from March 29 at 5 p.m. In response, Arab-Israeli politicians, including the mayor of Nazareth , called for a general strike and demonstrations, and Palestinians in other countries showed solidarity.

The general strike took place on March 30th and after an unprecedented police operation with 4,000 men, the day ended with 6 dead and 100 injured Palestinians. To this day, there are different views about the exact trigger and responsibility for the violent clashes. Since then, the day has been marked with demonstrations by the Palestinian people, and there are also rallies in the Palestinian Territories.

Incidents

There were repeated violent confrontations with the dead and the injured that day; the West Bank was often cordoned off on this date. Events are now also taking place in Palestinian congregations abroad in Europe. In addition, there have been actions since 2011 in which foreign pro-Palestinian activists attempt to travel en masse to Israel in order to take part in illegal protests.

2011

In 2011, on that day, 300 people were turned away before they left for Israel and 140 were arrested and sent back on arrival. For the 2012 fly-in, the list of people with an entry ban included 1,200 names. Since many airlines take this list into account, only 43 were intercepted at Tel Aviv Airport, and very few came to the Bethlehem venue in the West Bank.

2012

In 2012, West Bank residents were restricted from entering Israel by cordoning off the area. Israelis were exempt from this entry ban. In the Gaza Strip, a man attempting to cross the border into Israel illegally was killed and 39 others injured. Stone-throwing Palestinians demonstrated at the Qalandia checkpoint and 39 of them were injured by the Israeli army with rubber bullets.

2018

On that day in 2018, Palestinian militants rolled burning tires in the direction of the Israeli soldiers, and threw fire bottles and stones, the Israel Defense Forces said . Eyewitnesses reported that hundreds of Palestinians severed the border fence with Israel and entered Israeli territory. Israeli soldiers tried to push them back using tear gas. Terrorists fired shots at Israeli soldiers and the Israel Defense Forces responded to the attack by firing at a nearby Hamas position.

Some protesters had resisted warnings from Israel. The people of Gaza had been informed for days via social networks, leaflets and media releases that the Israeli army had orders to shoot to secure state sovereignty . Among other things, the Israeli Defense Minister Avigdor Lieberman urged on Twitter to stay away from the security fence on the border between Gaza and Israel: "Anyone who approaches the fence is in danger." According to the terrorist organization Hamas , which administers the Gaza Strip , around 750 people were injured been, most of them by tear gas.

According to Israeli information, Hamas sent a seven-year-old girl over the security fence to Israel. The girl climbed over the border fence, whereupon Israeli soldiers seized her and brought her safely back to her parents.

According to Palestinian sources, at least 17 Palestinians were killed on the border with Israel in the so-called "March of Return". On the evening of March 31, the State of Israel's Foreign Ministry (MFA) announced "... that up to now 10 of those killed during the unrest at the security fence between the Gaza Strip and Israel were known and active members of terrorist organizations". The following male members of terrorist organizations were named: Masab Salul (23), Sari Abu Odeh (28), Jihad Farina (35), Ahmad Odeh (19), Hamdan Abu Amseh (25), Mahmoud Rahmi (33), Muhammad Abu Amru (27), A'Fatah Nabi (20), Ibrahim Abu Sha'er (29), Jihad Zuhair Salman Abu Gammus (30).

Hamas announced a general strike after the incident , and Palestinian President Mahmud Abbas ordered a day of mourning. Egypt , Jordan and the Arab League condemned Israel's actions. The United Nations Security Council held a special meeting the following night at Kuwait's request . UN Secretary General António Guterres called for "independent, transparent investigations".

Army spokesman Brigadier General Ronen Manelis said the following day: "What we saw yesterday was not a protest, but an organized terrorist attack carefully prepared by the military arm of Hamas and other terrorist organizations." It is no coincidence that the deaths were all men of age were between 18 and 40 years of age. “We all know them by name and we also know exactly which terrorist organizations they belonged to. Those who died on Friday were directly involved in terrorist activities. [...] Hamas is cynically exploiting its own people because it wants to present the world with pictures of innocent victims, ”said Manelis. He announced: "We will not enable Hamas to provoke border incidents on a daily basis, to which we then of necessity respond with limited means (..)".

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ IDF girds for Land Day disturbances along Israel's borders , Ha-Aretz at the 26 March 2012
  2. ^ Pro-Palestinian groups plan April 15 mass arrival in Israel , Ha-Aretz on April 4, 2012
  3. ^ Israeli official: 40% of names on Shin Bet fly-in blacklist were not activists , Ha-Aretz on April 16, 2012
  4. ^ Pro-Palestinian 'fly-in' activist: Israel and Europe treated us like terrorists , Ha-Aretz on April 16, 2012
  5. ^ Israel seals off West Bank for Land Day protests , CBC News . March 30, 2012. 
  6. ↑ Guy Azriel: Israeli forces clash with Palestinian protesters marking Land Day - CNN.com , CNN . March 30, 2012. 
  7. ^ One Palestinian killed, scores injured, as Israeli troops clash with Land Day marchers , al-Arabiya . March 30, 2012. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014 Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved February 13, 2014. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / english.alarabiya.net 
  8. ↑ a b Twelve dead in protest march - Hamas sends girls to border fence
  9. ↑ a b c d On the Hamas confrontation campaign in the Gaza Strip in 2018
  10. ↑ https://www.nzz.ch/international/blutiger-marsch-der-rueckkehr-in-gaza-ld.1370886
  11. ↑ a b dead and injured in the Gaza Strip , ARD-aktuell / tagesschau.de. March 31, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2018. 
  12. ↑ IDF: Hamas cynically sent 7-year-old girl to breach Gaza border , The Times of Israel. March 30, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2018. 
  13. ↑ Palestinian President proclaims national day of mourning, UN fears aggravation , tagesspiegel.de, published and accessed on March 31, 2018.
  14. ↑ IDF official says Israel will not return bodies of Gaza terrorists , jpost.com (The Jerusalem Post). April 1, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2018. 
  15. ↑ a b https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article175047614/Unruhen-in-Gaza-Das-war-kein-Protest-sondern-ein-organisiert-Terrorangriff.html