Taqwim as-sihha

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Arabic manuscript, 14th century

Taqwim as-sihha (German: Tabular overview of health , Arabic تقويم الصحة, DMG taqwīm aṣ-ṣiḥḥa ) is the best known work of the oriental Christian doctor Ibn Butlan . It originated in Arabic in Antioch before 1064. Taqwīm was Latinized to Tacuinum in the 13th century . There are numerous abbreviated illustrated versions under the Latin title Tacuinum sanitatis (in medicina) .

History and content

Ibn Butlan wrote the synoptic table work in the last years of his life in a monastery in Antioch . It comprises 40 pages on seven objects, so a total of 280. Half of a double page is taken up by an overview table and on the opposite side there are further explanations, some of them by other authors. Ibn Butlan judges various luxury foods and foods according to the ancient humoral pathology , such as B. wine, camel meat, melons, quinces, etc., as well as environmental factors such as the seasons, the north and south wind and the health effects of hot, cold or temperate regions of the world. Clothing, music and dance, sleep, etc. are also dealt with.

Frames

Table from the German edition (1533)

To date, nine Arabic and seventeen Latin manuscripts have survived. The Latin translation on which the illustrated versions are based was created in the 13th century on behalf of King Manfred of Sicily . The tabular form, which is missing in the illustrated medieval manuscripts, was adopted in the first prints. The Latin version was printed in 1531 by Hans Schott in Strasbourg , a German (translated by Michael Herr) followed in 1533. The Schott prints also contain two other medical works translated from Arabic: Albengnefit, De virtutibus Medicinarum et Ciborum and Iac: Alkindus , De rerum gradibus .

expenditure

  • Tacuini sanitatis Elluchasem Elimithar medici de Baldath de sex rebus non naturalibus, earum naturis, operationibus et rectificationibus […] recens exarati. Hans Schott, Strasbourg 1531. Digitized Ub Düsseldorf Digitized MDZ ; German translation:
    • Michael Herr: Chess boards of Gesuntheyt. Hans Schott, Strasbourg 1533; Reprint Darmstadt around 1970; Reprint Weinheim ad Bergstrasse / Leipzig 1988 (with an afterword by Marlit Leber and Elfriede Starke).
  • Tacuinum sanitatis in medicina: Codex Vindobonensis series nova 2644 of the Austrian National Library , I-II, annotated, transcribed and translated into German. by Franz Unterkircher, with an English translation of the Latin text by Heide Saxe and Charles H. Talbot, Graz 1967

literature

  • Christina Becela-Deller: Ruta graveolens L. A medicinal plant in terms of art and cultural history. (Mathematical and natural scientific dissertation Würzburg 1994) Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1998 (= Würzburg medical-historical research. Volume 65). ISBN 3-8260-1667-X , pp. 134-138.
  • Wolfram Schmitt: Theory of health and 'Regimen sanitatis' in the Middle Ages. Habilitation thesis Heidelberg 1973, pp. 10–29 and (especially on “Ṭaqwīm aṣ-ṣiḥḥa”) 147–155.
  • Manfred Ullmann: Medicine in Islam (= Handbook of Oriental Studies . Volume I, VI, 1). Leiden / Cologne 1970, p. 157 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Tacuinum sanitatis in medicina: Codex Vindobonensis series nova 2644 of the Austrian National Library. I – II, annotated, transcribed and translated into German by Franz Unterkircher, with an English translation of the Latin text by Heide Saxer and Charles H. Talbot. Graz 1967 (= Codices selecti phototypice impressi. 6-6 *).
  2. ↑ a b Tacuinum sanitatis in medicina , (highlights of book art). Graz: Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt 2004 ISBN 3-201-01831-7 p. 7ff. Commentary by Franz Unterkircher (name, attachment and author of the complete work)
  3. ↑ medgesch.uni-hd.de accessed on April 27, 2011