Tetrapeptides

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A linear tetrapeptide (such as Val - Gly - Ser - Ala ) with a
green marked N-terminal α-amino acid residue (in the example: L- valine ) and a blue- marked C-terminal α-amino acid residue (in the example: L -Alanine )

A tetrapeptide is a peptide from the group of oligopeptides . It is made up of four amino acids that are linked to one another via peptide bonds .

properties

Several tetrapeptides are pharmacologically active. In nature, in addition to linear tetrapeptides (containing three peptide bonds), cyclic tetrapeptides are also found , the cyclization of which is based on a fourth peptide bond or another covalent bond.

Examples:

  • Tuftsin ( L- threonyl- L- lysyl- L -prolyl- L -arginine) is enzymatically released from a γ-globulin fraction and stimulates phagocytosis .
  • Rigin (Glycyl- L -Glutaminyl- L -Prolyl- L -arginine) is a tetrapeptide that fulfills a similar function as tuftsin.
  • Postin (Lys-Pro-Pro-Arg) is an N -terminal tetrapeptide of cystatin C and an antagonist of tuftsin.
  • Morphiceptin (Tyr-Pro-Phe-Pro) is a peptide that can be obtained from β- casein .
  • Tubulysins are synthetic peptides for the experimental treatment of tumors .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Dieter Jakubke, Hans Jeschkeit: amino acids, peptides, proteins , Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1982, ISBN 3-527-25892-2 , pp. 332–333.
  2. ^ BC Murray, MT Peterson, RA Fecik: Chemistry and biology of tubulysins: antimitotic tetrapeptides with activity against drug resistant cancers. In: Natural product reports. Volume 32, Number 5, May 2015, pp. 654-662; doi : 10.1039 / c4np00036f , PMID 25677951 .