Thamūd
The Thamūd ( Arabic ثمود, DMG Ṯamūd ) are an Arab people who are mentioned 26 times in the Koran; mostly in connection with the people of the ʿĀd , often in a series with references to the people of Lot . They form a group of peoples who refused to listen to the admonitions of God's messengers. There is evidence that this people could have come from southern Arabia , but a large part of them moved north and settled on the slope of Mount Aslab near Mada'in Salih .
The Thamud, who are said to have lived between Hejaz and Damascus , were also known as the Ashab al-Hijrأصحاب الحجر / aṣḥāb al-ḥiǧr / 'the people of al-Hijr': see sura 15 , verse 80. During archaeological research in central Arabia several rock carvings and inscriptions of the Thamud were discovered.
In reports of the Assyrians they are mentioned as Tamudi, also in a Greek temple inscription from the northwestern Hejaz from 169 AD, in a Byzantine source of the 5th century, in many inscriptions in the vicinity of Tayma and possibly on a tablet from Ebla . From these sources, the living space can be limited to the landscapes between Mecca and Tayma.
The Thamudic script is assigned to them. This seems to have originated from a South Arabic script and was used to record the Thamudic language , which was probably a dialect of North Arabic . Other dialects that have also been replaced by Standard Arabic today were Safaitic , Dedanitic with the later variant of Lihyanic and Hasaitic by Al-Hasa .
literature
- Elise W. Crosby: The history, poetry and genealogy of the Yemen: the Akhbar of Abid b. Sharya al-Jurhumi . New Jersey 2000. pp. 141-176.
- FV Winnett: A Study of the Lihyanite and Thamudic Inscriptions. University of Toronto Press, Oriental Series No. 3. [1]
Web links
- Thamudic examples from the Smithsonian Institute.