Topochemistry
Topochemistry is a branch of physical chemistry that deals with reactions that take place on or in solids, while ordinary chemical reactions take place in liquid or gaseous phases. In 1919 the term topochemical reaction was coined by Volkmar Kohlschütter .
Topochemical reactions take place in catalysis , solid phase polymerisation , photodi- and polymerisation of crystalline cinnamic acids and related systems, in the formation of inclusion compounds, in reactions in a matrix , in the setting of plaster of paris and cement , in sintering , in corrosion , with enzyme reactions on peptides and with receptor processes (fixation of drugs ). The process of bone formation can be understood as a topochemical reaction. Crucial processes of prebiological evolution are said to have taken place on solid surfaces (e.g. on clay ).
Topotactic reactions are chemical reactions that lead to a new material with crystal arrangements which are related to the orientations on the starting product, i.e. the original solid phase.
Individual evidence
- ^ Brockhaus ABC Chemie , VEB FA Brockhaus Verlag Leipzig 1965, p. 1426.
- ↑ Otto-Albrecht Neumüller (Ed.): Römpps Chemie-Lexikon. Volume 6: T-Z. 8th revised and expanded edition. Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1988, ISBN 3-440-04516-1 , p. 4300.