Transculturation
In cultural studies, transculturation describes the influence of one culture on other cultures. The term was coined in the 1930s by the Cuban anthropologist Fernando Ortiz Fernández , deliberately differentiating it from the term acculturation (adaptation of social cultures to neighboring cultures), which was then common in American anthropology .
Transculturation takes place, among other things, through migration (historically, for example, the deportation of African slaves to America), through official power politics or through influencing the mass media and the original language, whereby mixed languages can arise in the short or long term .
Important transculturations:
- Hellenization at the time of Hellenism (ancient Greece)
- Romanization at the time of the Roman Empire
- Christianization , especially during the European expansion
- Islamization , especially during Islamic expansion
- Hispanization of Central and South America
- Anglicization of North America, Australia and New Zealand
- Frenchization of Brussels in the 19th and 20th centuries
- Magyarization , Germanization and Russification around 1900
- Italianization , politics shaped by Italian fascism after the First World War
- Americanization since the 20th century
- Japonism as the influence of Japanese culture on foreign cultures
- Sinization as the influence of Chinese culture on foreign cultures, for example in Tibet
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Fernando Ortiz: El fenómeno social de la transculturación y su importancia en Cuba. In: Revista Bimestre Cubana. Volume 46, Havanna 1940, pp. 273-278 (Spanish; PDF file; 64 kB; 6 pages on fundacionfernandoortiz.cult.cu).
- ↑ Elke Storm Trigonakis: Global playing in the literature. An experiment on the new world literature. Würzburg 2007, ISBN 3-8260-3499-6 , p. 84 ( side view in the Google book search).