The translative is a case that occurs in most Finno-Ugric languages , e.g. in Hungarian , Finnish and Estonian , but also in the Volga- Finnish branch of the language family, e.g. B. in Mordovian .
It describes a state or a property as the result of a previous process or a change or often a time. German equivalents are often in the dative or are adverbial additions and then require a preposition (usually zu).
Examples
Finnish
(1) |
Hän |
tuli |
isä- ksi
|
|
He |
has been |
Father translative
|
|
"He became (literally: a) father."
|
(2) |
Joulu- ksi |
paralyzed |
kotiin
|
|
"We went home for Christmas."
|
Estonian
(2) |
Ma jään |
kahe ks |
nädala ks
|
|
"I'm staying two weeks."
|
Hungarian
(from the grammar by J. Tompa, see literature)
(3) |
Ezt a csikót az- zá nevelem, |
ami apja volt: |
híres versenyló- vá
|
|
"This colt I raise this , |
what his father was: |
a famous racehorse. "
|
literature
-
Hadumod Bußmann (Ed.): Lexicon of Linguistics. 3rd updated and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-520-45203-0 .
- Irja Grönholm: Kauderwelsch Volume 55 , Estonian word for word , 3rd edition, Bielefeld 2002, ISBN 3-89416-245-7 .
- József Tompa: Short Hungarian grammar. VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie, Leipzig 1972.