Transylvanian crystal snail

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Transylvanian crystal snail
Transylvanian crystal snail (Vitrea transsylvanica)

Transylvanian crystal snail ( Vitrea transsylvanica )

Systematics
Order : Lung snails (pulmonata)
Subordination : Land snails (Stylommatophora)
Superfamily : Gastrodontoidea
Family : Crystal snails (Pristilomatidae)
Genre : Vitrea
Type : Transylvanian crystal snail
Scientific name
Vitrea transsylvanica
( Clessin , 1877)

The Transylvanian crystal snail ( Vitrea transsylvanica ) is a snail native to Central Europe - a type of crystal snail (Pristilomatidae) in the suborder of land snails (Stylommatophora).

features

The right-hand winding, quite small case is very flat-conical. The thread can hardly be seen in the side view. It measures 3.0 to 4.5 mm in width (diameter) and 1.3 to 2.2 mm in height. In the adult stage it has 4½ to 5½ turns that increase slowly and encompass each other. Only the end turn increases rapidly in width. When viewed from above, the end turn is 2.3 to 2.6 times the width of the previous turn. The turns are only slightly curved on the top. The seam is flat. The mouth is inclined to the coil axis. When viewed from above, the mouth is somewhat flattened-elliptical, if one disregards the strong cut through the previous turn. Due to the strong section, the mouth appears crescent-shaped. The mouth edge is straight and pointed. Dorsally, the mouth edge swings forward like a saddle. The navel is closed.

The skin is thin, glassy-translucent and colorless to yellowish. The surface is very fine and irregularly striped, and very shiny. The soft body is light brown. In the upper angle of the mouth to the previous turn, the animal places a narrow jacket flap on the housing, which can reach up to the housing apex.

In the hermaphroditic genitalia, the spermatic duct (vas deferens) is very short; it penetrates apically into the apex of the penis. The penis is moderately long and evenly thick along its entire length. The penile retractor muscle attaches apically to the penis next to the entry point of the spermatic duct. In the female part, the free fallopian tube (oviduct) is very short and the vagina is very long. In the upper part it is enclosed by the perivaginal gland. The sperm library is rudimentary, just a small worm-shaped appendix. The penis is as long or longer than the vagina. The penis and vagina open into a comparatively long atrium.

Similar species

The narrow-forked crystal snail ( Vitrea subrimata ) has a slightly higher thread, a narrower end turn and a narrow but open umbilicus. The shell of the ungaveled crystal snail ( Vitrea diaphana ) is very similar in shape and size, even in the closed navel. In this type, however, the mouth is perpendicular to the winding axis, and the mouth edge is straight. In addition, the end turn is wider in this type.

Distribution in Europe (according to Welter-Schultes, 2012)

Geographical distribution and habitat

The distribution area extends mainly in the Carpathian arch from Romania, western Ukraine, Slovakia, northern Hungary, southern Poland and the Czech Republic. Besides the main distribution area, there are isolated occurrences in Bulgaria, southern Hungary, Austria (North Tyrol) and Germany (Bavarian Alps).

The animals live under the leaf litter and under dead wood, at the foot of shaded rocks in moist mountain forests, preferably in beech forests.

Taxonomy

The taxon was first described in 1877 by Stephan Clessin as Hyalina transsylvanica . It is generally recognized and is uniformly placed under the genus Vitrea Fitzinger, 1833.

Danger

The species is very rare in Germany, Austria and Bulgaria. In Germany, it is therefore placed under the rubric extremely rarely.

literature

  • Malcolm P. Kerney, RAD Cameron, Jürgen H. Jungbluth: The land snails of Northern and Central Europe . Parey-Verlag, Hamburg and Berlin 1983, 384 pp., ISBN 3-490-17918-8 , p. 163

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jürgen H. Jungbluth, Dietrich von Knorre: Trivial names of land and fresh water mollusks in Germany (Gastropoda et Bivalvia). Mollusca, 26 (1): 105-156, Dresden 2008 ISSN  1864-5127 , p. 122.
  2. ^ Rosina Fechter, Gerhard Falkner: Molluscs. Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1990 (Steinbach's Nature Guide 10), 287 pages, ISBN 3-570-03414-3 , page 174.
  3. ^ Alexandru V. Grossu: Gastropoda Romaniae 4 Ordo Stylommatophora Suprafam: Arionacea, Zonitacea, Ariophantacea şi Helicacea. 564 pp., Bucharest 1983, pp. 96/97.
  4. ^ Adolf Riedel: Revision of the zonitides of Poland (Gastropoda). Annales Zoologici, 16 (23): 362-464, Posen 1957 PDF , pp. 433-434.
  5. ^ A b Francisco W. Welter-Schultes: European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification = identification book for European land and freshwater mollusks. A1-A3 S., 679 S., Q1-Q78 S., Göttingen, Planet Poster Ed., 2012 ISBN 3-933922-75-5 , ISBN 978-3-933922-75-5 (p. 369)
  6. ↑ Stephan Clessin: The species of the hyaline group Vitrea. Malakozoologische Blätter, 24: 123-134, Cassel / Kassel, 1877 Online at Biodiversity Heritage Library , p. 133, plate 2, Fig. 12 .
  7. ↑ Vitrea transsylvanica (Clessin, 1877)
  8. ↑ Fauna Europaea: Vitrea transsylvanica (Clessin, 1877)
  9. ↑ MolluscaBase: Vitrea transsylvanica (Clessin, 1877)
  10. ↑ a b Vollrath Wiese: The land snails of Germany. 352 pp., Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2014, ISBN 978-3-494-01551-4 (p. 196)