Dream analysis method according to Moser

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The dream model of Ulrich Moser and Ilka von Zeppelin is a psychoanalytic model to explain how dreams arise on a detailed dream coding system is based. Moser (born September 21, 1925, em. Professor of the University of Zurich) and von Zeppelin (1936-2009, practicing psychoanalyst) published in 1996 integration of psychoanalytic dream theory and clinical psychoanalytic research with findings from the empirical development research , the cognitive psychology , of Cognitive Science , the neuroscience and experimental sleep dream research.

They postulate that the content of dreams comes from three sources:

  • Remnants of the day: In the »remainder of the day«, already described by Freud , repressed, early childhood instinctual impulses are reactivated by certain daily events, which help determine the dream narrative.
  • Internal and external stimuli: Internal stimuli are understood to be phenomena such as hunger or thirst. External stimuli refer to sensory influences such as light stimuli or acoustic stimuli. Both stimuli influence the dream content.
  • Dream complexes: The so-called dream complexes process all information about unresolved conflicts and traumatic situations while dreaming. The dream looks for a solution, or rather, for the best possible adaptation of these dream complexes to the current psychological reality. In this theoretical understanding, the dream organization is a bundle of affective-cognitive processes that create a micro-world, the dream . They determine actions, symbols, dream narratives, etc. A dream complex always comes from one or more complexes that are stored in long-term memory and are rooted in conflictual and / or traumatic experiences. This conceptualization corresponds to Sigmund Freud's latent dream thought.

The dream complexes are activated by external stimuli, which have a structural similarity to the earlier complexes and which urge a solution. The solution sought for these complexes is determined by the need for security and the desire for participation.

The contents of the dreamed situations (the dream complexes) are shaped by individual ideas about one's own self, ideas about others and generalized interaction representations (RIG: representation interaction generalized). These ideas and their connections reflect the role of desires in the dream.

The connection of the elements of a dream complex, the RIGs, self and object models, happens through an affect . If the affect is integrated so that the complex can be experienced, Moser speaks of disaffectualization. The more a complex is disaffected, the more "invariant" the affect. In Moser's conceptualization, a complex becomes a so-called model. When a complex becomes a model, a certain behavior model can be called up automatically and without any problems.

However, if the affect cannot be disaffected, a conflicted dream complex arises. Affects within such areas are linked by so-called k-lines. At the same time, however, these are blocked and therefore cannot be localized. In order to resolve these conflicting complexes, it is necessary to bring the affective information back into a relationship reality in order to make it tangible again. This is exactly what is attempted in dreams. Dreams therefore have the function of providing solutions to complexes, i. H. to find previously psychologically unresolved conflicts.

In the dream, such attempted solutions for earlier complexes are presented in new relationship narratives. As a result, dreams are still the ideal path to the unconscious and are therefore still of great importance in psychoanalytic therapies. According to Moser, the manifest dream already contains such central information about the unconscious that it does not necessarily, as many psychoanalysts postulate, need the associations that give clues to the latent dream content. Manifest dreams can also be interpreted by the analyst together with the dreamer.

Fields of application

Moser and v. Zeppelin presented a detailed operationalization of their dream generation theory and developed from it a precise method for the investigation of manifest dreams. This describes rules for segmenting dream narratives and a detailed coding system. This method was used by Leuzinger-Bohleber in five aggregated individual case studies. Doell – Hentschker and a research group at the Frankfurt Sigmund Freud Institute have further developed it. An interesting application is e.g. Currently in the LAC depression study, in which the changes in manifest dreams in the course of psychoanalysis with chronically depressed people are examined with the help of the "Moser dream analysis method". The application of the dream analysis according to Moser also proves to be fruitful in the investigation of dreams after post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ), as well as for the presentation of therapy courses and for a better understanding of neurotic processes in dreams.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Moser, U. & Zeppelin, I. v. (1996): The Dreamed Dream. Stuttgart (Kohlhammer)
  2. ↑ Freud, S. (1900/2000): The Interpretation of Dreams. GW 2/3, p. 34.
  3. ↑ Ermann, M. (2005). Psychodynamic consideration of trauma and posttraumatic disorders. Psychotherapist, 50 (3), 209-228.
  4. ↑ Leuschner, W. Hau, S. & Fischmann, T. (2000): The acoustic influenceability of dreams. Tübingen (Edition discord)
  5. ↑ Moser, U. (1992). Signs of change in the affective context of dream and psychoanalytic situation. Psyche - Z Psychoanal, 923-958
  6. ↑ Moser, U. (1999). Self-models and self-affects in dreams. Psyche - Z Psychoanal, 53, 202-248
  7. ↑ Moser, U. (2013). What is a micro world? Psyche - Z Psychoanal, 67, 401-431
  8. ↑ Moser, U., & Hortig, V. (2014). Interactive relations in dreams: resonant and responsive interaction, shifting, verbalization and self-change. Psyche - Z Psychoanal, 4 (68), 336-362
  9. ↑ Moser, U., & Zeppelin, von, I. (1996). The development of the affect system. Psyche - Z Psychoanal, 50, 32-84
  10. ↑ Minsky, M. (1980). K ‐ Lines: A theory of memory. Cognitive science, 4 (2), 117-133.
  11. ↑ Freud, S. (1900): The Interpretation of Dreams. GW 2/3
  12. ↑ Leuzinger-Bohleber, M. (1987): Change in cognitive processes in psychoanalyses, Volume I: a hypothesis-generating individual case study. Ulm (PSZ)
  13. ↑ Leuzinger-Bohleber, M. (1989). Change of cognitive processes in psychoanalyses, Volume II. Five aggregated individual case studies. Ulm (PSZ)
  14. ↑ Doell-Hentschker, S. (2008): The changes in dreams in psychoanalytic treatments. Affect theory, affect regulation and dream coding. Frankfurt a. M. (Brandes & Apple)
  15. ↑ Döll-Hentschker, S. & Scheiber, J. (2013). Manual for dream coding according to Moser & von Zeppelin. 2nd, revised edition. Frankfurt am Main
  16. ↑ Fischmann, T., Russ, M., Baehr, T., Stirn, A. & Leuzinger-Bohleber, M. (2012a): Changes in dreams of chronic depressed patients - the Frankfurt fMRI / EEG study (FRED). In: Fonagy, P., Kächele, H., Leuzinger-Bohleber, M. & Taylor, D. (eds.): The significance of dreams: Bridging clinical and extraclinical research in sychoanalysis. London (Karnac Books), 159-183.
  17. ↑ Fischmann, T .; Leuzinger-Bohleber, M .; Kächele, H. (2012b): Dream research in psychoanalysis: clinical studies, dream series, extra-clinical research in the laboratory. Psyche - Z Psychoanal 66: 833-861
  18. ↑ Leuzinger-Bohleber, M. (2010): Depression and Trauma. From the analysis with a chronically depressed person. In: Leuzinger-Bohleber, M., Röckerath, K. & Strauss, LV (eds.): Depression and neuroplasia. Psychoanalytic Clinic and Research. Frankfurt a. M. (Brandes & Apsel), 206-226.
  19. ↑ Leuzinger-Bohleber, M. (2012): Changes in dreams - from a psychoanalysis with a traumatised, chronic depressed patient. In: Fonagy, P., Kächele, H., Leuzinger-Bohleber, M. & Taylor, D. (eds.): The significance of dreams: Bridging clinical and extraclinical research in psychoanalysis. London (Karnac Books), 49-85.
  20. ↑ Leuzinger-Bohleber, M. (in press) Working with severely traumatized, chronically depressed analyzes. Appears in the International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 2014
  21. ↑ Fischmann T., Russ MO and Leuzinger-Bohleber M. (2013): Trauma, dream and psychic change in psychoanalyses: a dialogue between psychoanalysis and the neurosciences. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 7: 877. http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00877/full
  22. ↑ Varvin, S., Jovic, V., Rosenbaum, B., Fischmann, T., Hau, S. (2012): Traumatic dreams: Striving for relationship. Psyche Z Psychoanal 66, 937-967
  23. ↑ Dencker, M. (2013): Aggression på en säker plats - En study of 60 drommar och deras formåga att bearbeta trauma. Psykologexamensuppsats, Stockholm University, Psykologiska institutions
  24. ↑ Hau, S., Jovic, V., Varvin, S., Fischmann, T., Rosenbaum, B., Leuzinger-Bohleber, M. (submitted): Sleep and Dream Studies in Serbian Victims of Torture. In: E. Vermetten, T. Neylan, SR Pandi-Perumal, & M. Kramer (eds.): Sleep and Combat-related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders. New York: Springer
  25. ^ Hortig, V., & Moser, U. (2012). Transformations in the Analytical Microworld. Progress analysis using the example of a child analysis hour, (66), 121–144
  26. ^ Hortig, V., & Moser, U. (2012). Interferences of neurotic processes and introjective relationship patterns in the dream. Psyche - Z Psychoanal, 66, 889-916