psychoanalyst
Psychoanalyst is a person who practices psychoanalysis .
Self-image
The majority of psychoanalysts today see themselves as human scientists . The (modern) psychoanalysis is regarded as an independent and comprehensive human science of the (dynamic) unconscious : starting from the examination of the history and the lines of development of psychoanalytic thinking, the experiences and knowledge gained in the psychoanalytic situation are "exported" and confronted with society and culture, which enables a comprehensive and concrete examination of the theory and thus its expansion (cf. e.g. Laplanche, 2011). The aspects of psychoanalysis as anthropology are central herewith a specific model of (conflictual) people, whose central driving force for their experience and behavior stems from the unconscious, as a socialization theory that combines the dimensions of the somatic , psychological and social under a "primacy of the other", as well as a method that uses certain procedures developed for the deconstruction of meanings (see e.g. Quindeau, 2008).
On the other hand, there is a charge that psychoanalysis and thus the self-image of psychoanalysts is shaped by medicalization . This is also expressed in the professional activity, conditionally v. a. through the organization of the training (especially in the USA and Germany), as z. B. also through the admission criteria for training candidates. Due to a predominantly psychotherapeutic and clinical orientation, the (self) image of the psychoanalyst as that of a comprehensive human scientist is disturbed, which thus mainly fades out the (definitional) cultural-scientific and critical dimension, although the influence of psychoanalysis (and the psychoanalyst) on Social politics and cultural studies should be rated as stronger than psychotherapy.
education
There are no binding regulations for training as a psychoanalyst. As a rule, however, training today is organized by various specialist societies. Here this mostly requires a curricularly organized training, the core of which is the training analysis . The criteria are set by different specialist societies around the world. The International Psychoanalytical Association (IPA), in Germany the umbrella organization of the German Society for Psychoanalysis, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Depth Psychology (DGPT) and its member associations, consider themselves to be internationally trend-setting . However, there are also free or independent institutes and associations that, for various reasons, do not join a psychoanalytic professional association, such as B. that of Lacan's psychoanalysis in France.
In Germany, the training of the associations united in the DGPT is organized in such a way that their graduates meet the criteria for further medical training and further training to become psychological psychotherapists . In Germany too, non-doctors and non-psychologists occasionally find access to psychoanalytic training; internationally this is z. Sometimes found more often. As a rule, however, training in psychoanalysis requires a university degree in medicine or psychology .
activities
Psychoanalysts work (for reasons of training, see above) mainly psychotherapeutic (individual and group therapy), as well as in the area of couple and family therapy, but also as advisors in various contexts, as coaches, in the area of mediation, as supervisors (e.g. also in team and organizational consulting). In addition, psychoanalysts carry out various research activities; In addition to clinical research, psychoanalysts also work as social, cultural and humanities scholars.
Some experienced and scientifically qualified psychoanalysts then also work for a professional association as training and control analysts within the framework of training.
If a psychoanalyst works in psychotherapy, in Germany a license to practice medicine , as a psychological psychotherapist (in the field of child analysis also as a child and adolescent therapist ) or a license to practice medicine without a license to practice medicine (at least with a healing license restricted to the field of psychotherapy ) necessary.
psychotherapy
Since psychoanalyses in Germany are not covered by health insurance, they have to be paid for privately. In Germany, however, two psychoanalytically based psychotherapeutic methods are approved for treating patients and, after application and approval, are at least covered by the statutory health insurances, namely analytical psychotherapy and psychotherapy based on depth psychology . Psychoanalysts working in psychotherapy usually offer both types of therapy. Psychotherapists who offer these treatment methods, however, do not necessarily have to have completed training as psychoanalysts organized by a specialist society. The necessary specialist knowledge for licensed psychotherapists in analytical psychotherapy (or additional designation "psychoanalysis" for doctors) and v. a. Psychotherapy based on depth psychology can also be acquired at institutions that are not members of the psychoanalytic specialist societies. Especially with a sole training in psychotherapy based on depth psychology (as psychological psychotherapist, child and adolescent therapist, specialist in psychiatry and psychotherapy , specialist in psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy, or specialist in psychotherapeutic medicine , as well as the additional designation "psychotherapy" for doctors from other specialties ) training at a psychoanalytic institute is even rather rare.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ J. Laplanche: New foundations for psychoanalysis. Psychosozial-Verlag, Giessen 2011.
- ^ I. Quindeau: Psychoanalysis . UTB (W. Fink), Paderborn 2008.
- ↑ In and against the circumstances: On the current situation of psychoanalysis - a memorandum. In: jungewelt.de , March 12, 2014, p. 12.
- ^ R. Jacoby: The repression of psychoanalysis or the triumph of conformism. S. Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1990.
- ^ W. Mertens: Psychoanalysis. History and methods. 4th, act. Edition. CH Beck, Munich 1997.
- ↑ Jürgen Hardt (psychoanalyst and former president of the Hessian Chamber of Psychotherapists) in the Frankfurter Rundschau. March 24, 2004.
- ↑ E. List: Psychoanalysis: history, theory, applications: history, theories, applications. UTB (facultas), Stuttgart 2009.
- ^ E. List: Psychoanalytische Kulturwissenschaften. UTB (facultas), Stuttgart 2013.
- ↑ ipa.org.uk
- ↑ dgpt.de