Triozidae

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Triozidae
Two individuals from Trioza alacris

Two individuals from Trioza alacris

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Subclass : Flying insects (Pterygota)
Order : Schnabelkerfe (Hemiptera)
Subordination : Plant lice (Sternorrhyncha)
Superfamily : Leaf fleas (Psylloidea)
Family : Triozidae
Scientific name
Triozidae
Loew , 1879
Plant galls caused by nymphs of Trioza flavipennis on leaves of Giersch ( aegopodium podagraria )

The Triozidae are a species-rich family of leaf fleas (Psylloidea).

features

Hollis (1984) names the following features , which refer exclusively to the veining of the forewings, as autapomorphies for the trizoid:

  • Costalader not interrupted
  • R 1 branch of the radial loader (R) unbranched
  • no pterostigma (wing mark) present
  • Medial cores (M) and cubital cores (Cu) without a common trunk or trunk are very short, so that R, M and Cu originate from one and the same point
  • Wire Rs nowhere connected to the M trunk

Hollis (1984) postulates on the basis of these special characteristics that the wing movements of the Triozidae differ fundamentally from those of the other psylloidea.

Way of life

As is generally typical for leaf fleas, the species of the Triozidae also live in a more or less close relationship with certain plant species ( host plants ). For example, the species Trioza flavipennis , which is widespread in Central Europe, specializes in groundgrass ( Aegopodium podagraria ).

Systematics

The taxon was established as the subfamily Triozinae in 1879 by the Austrian entomologist and physician Franz Löw .

The system of leaf fleas has so far been inconsistent. The Triozidae are sometimes run as a separate superfamily Triozoidea outside of the leaf fleas (Psylloidea). The internal systematics of the Triozidae, regardless of the likely monophyly of the group, is in flux and depends on the perspective of the respective author. Most of the genera classified in this family are considered ill-defined or not a natural grouping, and the classification of the species varies accordingly. In particular, the genus Trioza is a so-called collective taxon for various species that have no special morphological modifications. The cladogram below shows the position of the Triozidae within the leaf fleas, as it results from current morphological and molecular data according to Burckhardt & Ouvrard (2012). According to the Psyl'list database, 69 genera with 969 species are currently (as of July 2015) described.

  Psylloidea  

 Phacopteronidae


   

 Aphalaridae


   

 Carsidaridae


   

 Homotomidae




   

 Liviidae


   

 Calophyidae


   

 Psyllidae


   

 Triozidae





Template: Klade / Maintenance / 3

Template: Klade / Maintenance / Style

supporting documents

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b David Hollis: Afrotropical jumping plant lice of the family Triozidae (Homoptera: Psylloidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology Series. Vol. 49, 1984, pp. 1-102 ( BHL )
  2. ↑ Daniel Burckhardt: Preliminary list of leaf fleas in Central Europe with host plant information (Insecta, Hemiptera, Psylloidea). Cicadina - Contributions to the cicada. Vol. 5, 2002, pp. 1-9 ( online )
  3. ^ Franz Löw: On the systematics of the psyllodes. Negotiations of the Imperial-Royal Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna. Vol. 28, 1879, pp. 585-610 ( BHL )
  4. ^ A b Daniel Burckhardt, David Ouvrard: A revised classification of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea). Zootaxa. No. 3509, 2012, pp. 1–34 (full text access: University of Florida )
  5. ↑ Psyl'list, accessed January 29, 2015

Web links

Commons : Triozidae  - collection of images, videos and audio files