Turkmen radio
Turkmen Radio are the state-run radio and television broadcasters in Turkmenistan . There are officially no private channels. The state intervenes directly z. B. in the work of broadcasting through personnel decisions, for example through presidential decrees that affect both the Directorate-General and the management of the individual programs.
Program organizer and broadcasting center
The Turkmenistan State Committee for Television, Radio and Cinematography was established by the government as the organizer in charge . Its main tasks are reports on the "successes in socio-economic life and on the development of the country", as well as on the history of the Turkmen people.
Today's broadcasting center went into operation in October 2011. It is located in the south of the capital Ashgabat at an altitude of over 1000 meters on one of the hills of the Kopetdag Mountains. The building is functionally and structurally structured as a 30-story complex, the basis of which includes the studios and broadcasting rooms. Above is the Turkmenistan TV tower , which measures 211 meters from the ground to the antenna and integrates an office building halfway up, structurally in the form of the stylized Turkmen national coat of arms .
history
Today's state media have their roots in the Soviet era. In 1998 the Soviet transmitters in the OIRT band were switched off, but Russian-language programs remained, which were now broadcast in the FM band according to international frequencies. Then the Turkmen State Television (TMT) was founded, initially parallel to Russian programs. In 2004 Turkmenistan began to switch off foreign stations (initially the popular Russian-language program Radio Mayak ); in the case of Mayak, this was only to be done temporarily. It was justified with the lack of funding for a new transmission system required from the Russian side. At the same time, however, the new transmitters Watan, Miras and Çar Tarapdan were put into operation. The expansion of nationwide supply with national programs has been progressed step by step from Türkmenbaşy since June 2004 .
In 2008, the government decided to modernize the broadcasting infrastructure and on that occasion commissioned the construction of the new television center in Ashgabat. The new transmission center with radio tower was built in 18 months, the integration of the transmission technology up to the national holiday in September 2011, three months from planning to installation, was considered “quite ambitious”. In the meantime, the programs have been directly subordinated to the government and the existing programs of the old TMT have been renamed.
Radio
The state organizes seven radio programs, of which the main programs are broadcast nationwide terrestrially via VHF and four programs via the TurkmenAlem 52E satellite (TürkmenÄlem 52 ° E / MonacoSat). They are available as a live stream via third-party platforms and a government mobile app . Four radio programs are designed as sister programs of their associated television stations, each with the same content orientation. They are also available via satellite.
| Program name | Content orientation and program mandate | Start of transmission |
|---|---|---|
| TR1 Watan ("Motherland") | Information and news program with national and international news, sister program of Altyn Asyr | June 2004 |
| TR2 Çar Tarapdan ("From all sides") | Sister program of Ýaşlyk | June 2004 |
| TR3 Miras ("legacy") | Cultural program, sister program of the television program Miras | June 2004 |
| TR4 Owaz Radio | Word program, sister program of Türkmen Owazy; In addition to the television program, the program mandate includes broadcasts of events in the country in Turkmen, Russian and English | January 1, 2009 |
| Music Radio (TR5 Music FM) | ||
| Türkmen sazlary wir Halk (TR Turkmen sazlary we halk aydymlary) | Turkmen music and folk songs | |
| TMRadio.Club | Dance, electronic |
watch TV
The state distributes seven programs nationwide, including an international program and a regional program for the capital, Ashgabat.
| Program name | Content orientation and program mandate | Start of transmission |
|---|---|---|
| Altyn Asyr ("Golden Age") | Transmission of political, economic and cultural events and news, meetings, conferences, international exhibitions and events and festivals | |
| Ýaşlyk ("Youth") | Contribution to the education of the young generation with programs for the target audience from elementary level to university education | |
| Miras ("legacy") | Reports of events of cultural life and news with broadcasts on historical and cultural heritage, including portrayals of spirituality, folk art, life and activities of great Turkmen people | |
| Turkmenistan | International program in seven languages ( Turkmen , Russian , English , French , Chinese , Arabic and Persian ): focus on the areas of business, politics, culture, science and education, agriculture, history and sport | September 12, 2004 |
| Türkmen Owazy ("Turkmen Voice") | Music channels for Turkmen music and music programs of various genres; In addition, program mandate: Broadcasts of international cultural events and events that take place or are being held in the country, feature films related to music | January 1, 2009 |
| Ashgabat (Ashgabat) | Regional program for the capital: reports on politics, economy, culture and spirituality in the capital, preliminary reports on events in the areas of health care, education, sport, international meetings and festivals in Ashgabat, as well as general regional information | October 1, 2011 |
| Türkmen Sport (sport [in or for] Turkmenistan) | Pre- and post-reports on all sports "on par with the world's sports TV channels" | January 1, 2012 |
distribution
Terrestrial broadcasting takes place via VHF , DAB and DVB-T transmitters, as well as on cable television.
All programs have been available via satellite since mid-2015, which was accompanied by the introduction of HD resolution. For this purpose the agency Türkmenaragatnaşyk was founded, which offers all satellite-based communication services, in addition to radio, these include telephony, video conferencing, data transmission, satellite Internet and VSAT networks. The radio programs are subordinate to the General Directorate of Turkmen Television . They are also available unencrypted as a live stream on government platforms.
About 1.2 billion people can be supplied with Turkmen programs via satellite; all of Europe, North Africa and much of Asia.
Other radio programs
Private programs are not allowed in Turkmenistan. Satellite dishes are prohibited. The state itself operates a service for receiving foreign programs, which are offered for a package price of $ 2.80 (2019). This includes u. a. Russian and European news channels such as Euronews or BBC , as well as Turkish entertainment programs. The Novestan portal suspects that the Turkmen government is trying "not to restrict access to foreign media as a whole, but rather the reporting of negative events in the country."
Program content and reception
The Turkmen radio programs are characterized by a "Kafkaesque bureaucracy" with meaningless phrases in the reporting of organizations loyal to the government and propaganda reports of success, such as an "excess of food", which bypasses the everyday life of the citizens, which is characterized by the plight of the economic crisis. The information character is characterized by its "impenetrable language and content without topicality". Only Türkmen Owazy can tie in with the reality of his audience through his participatory character and his distance from politics.
Web links
- turkmentv.gov.tm - Official homepage as a subdomain on the homepage of the Turkmen government
- Turkmenistan: How the population can get information without free media. Novastan.org, January 28, 2019, translated from Russian by Manuel Rommel ( original at cabar.asia/ru )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Президент Туркменистана назначил новых руководителей теле- и радиоканалов. (President of Turkmenistan appoints new heads of television and radio stations.) Turkmenistan.ru, December 27, 2008
- ↑ a b Государственный комитет Туркменистана по телевидению, радиовещанию и кинематографии. medeniyet.gov.tm, 2014 (Russian)
- ↑ a b c cf. Weblink Novastan
- ↑ В Туркмении прекращено вещание российской радиостанции "Маяк". (Turkmenistan ends the broadcast of Russian radio station Mayak.) July 12, 2004
- ↑ a b transmission technology for Turkmenistan. mebucom.de, March 2012
- ↑ Turkmen satellite began the national TV and radio channels broadcasting. Turkmenistan today, June 8, 2015
- ↑ Turkmen sazlary aýdymlary we Halk. Turkmenistan today, accessed October 16, 2019
- ↑ a b С 9 июня в Туркменистане начинается HD вещание Национального телевидения и радио Ечерез «Türkmenällem 52 ° Е» ». Turkmenportal, June 8, 2015 (Russian)
- ↑ Oleg Vinokurov: Туркменский спутник начал вещание национальных телеканалов. turkmenistan.gov.tm, June 9, 2015 (Russian)