Mexico City Metro
The Mexico City subway (official name: Sistema de Transporte Colectivo Metro or STC Metro ) is part of the local public transport system in the center and north of the Mexican capital and the surrounding districts. In 2013, an average of 4.62 million passengers used the subway every day .
The Mexico City subway was the first subway system in the world to have each stop marked with an individual symbol . The intention behind this was to accommodate the still considerable illiterate population.
business
Line network
Mexico City's metro network has 195 stations, 30 of which offer a transfer option between at least two metro lines. 115 of the stations are underground, 54 are above ground and 26 are on viaducts with high-performance pedestrian bridges. Currently, the metro network is 200.88 km open to the public, while the entire network including maneuvering routes has a total length of 226.48 km
The trains run daily from 5 a.m. to midnight. The journey time is 10 to 15 minutes, 2 to 3 minutes during rush hour .
| line | Terminals | Length (accessible) | Stations | opening |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Observatorio ↔ Pantitlán | 16.65 km | 20th | 1969-1984 |
| 2 | Cuatro Caminos ↔ Tasqueña | 20.72 km | 24 | 1970-1984 |
| 3 | Indios Verdes ↔ Universidad | 21.28 km | 21 | 1970-1983 |
| 4th | Santa Anita ↔ Martín Carrera | 09.36 km | 10 | 1981/1982 |
| 5 | Politécnico ↔ Pantitlán | 14.44 km | 13th | 1981/1982 |
| 6th | El Rosario ↔ Martín Carrera | 11.43 km | 11 | 1983-1986 |
| 7th | El Rosario ↔ Barranca del Muerto | 17.01 km | 14th | 1984-1988 |
| 8th | Garibaldi ↔ Constitución de 1917 | 17.67 km | 19th | 1994 |
| 9 | Tacubaya ↔ Pantitlán | 13.03 km | 12th | 1987/1988 |
| 12th | Mixcoac ↔ Tláhuac | 20.27 km | 20th | 2012 |
| A. | Pantitlán ↔ La Paz | 14.83 km | 10 | 1991 |
| B. | Buenavista ↔ Ciudad Azteca | 20.28 km | 21 | 1999/2000 |
Lines A and B do not count as lines 10 and 11. These lines have not yet been built and have been planned since 1996 .
Stations
The underground has a total of 195 stations, of which 24 are transfer points between the lines. 115 stations are underground (the deepest station is Barranca del Muerto, this is 36 meters below street level), 55 are above ground and 25 are on stilts . Line 1 runs exclusively in the tunnel, while line 4 runs completely above ground. The other lines have both underground and above-ground sections.
184 train stations are within the city, and a further eleven are outside the Federal District . One of the world's largest transfer stations in terms of passenger traffic is Pantitlán, the terminus of four lines (lines 1, 5, 9 and A) and dozen of bus routes . The most used metro station is Cuatro Caminos , western terminus of Linea 2, located in the Naucalpan district , Estado de México . On some lines there are trains whose first two cars are only allowed to be used by women and children. However, this rule is only enforced during rush hour, because the greatest crowds sometimes led to inconsiderate behavior.
Each station is marked with an individual identifier that is linked to the station name or the immediate vicinity. So is z. B. the station Zapata named after the Mexican revolutionary Emiliano Zapata . The corresponding sign symbolizes him with a mustache and sombrero in front of a green background. Pino Suárez, also named after a revolutionary, shows Aztec ruins found during the construction of the station as the stop logo. The background color of the characters is identical to the line identification colors. Stops that are served by different lines show the respective colors in diagonal lines.
Tickets
The fare is five Mexican pesos (approx. 0.20 euros) per trip (as of 02.2017). Disabled people and pensioners travel free of charge on the underground.
Tickets are sold at points of sale that can be found at each station. The tickets release the turnstiles when entering the platforms . Validated tickets are retained and destroyed by the turnstile reader.
In June 2006, the introduction of chip cards began . Matching readers have been installed since 2004. In the first phase, prepaid cards at 300 Peso will be offered for 150 journeys. However, the high upfront price discourages potential users of the system, so the operator plans to issue rechargeable cards for a deposit of 20 Peso in order to increase acceptance.
Other means of transport in the Mexico City area
Following the Southern terminus Tasqueña Line 2 runs a partially guided on viaducts rail . This is a reconstruction of a former tram line and was put into operation in two phases: 1986 Tasqueña - Estadio Azteca and 1988 Huipulco - Xochimilco. Furthermore, a system called Metrobus was set up in which articulated buses run as express lines on a lane reserved for them alone with special platform-like stops. In 2019, seven lines crossed almost the entire city with 239 stops and a length of 125 km. The buses on a line are operated by different companies. The fare is five Mexican pesos ) (MXN $) and is paid using a rechargeable smartcard .
The city-owned company Servicio de Transportes Eléctricos del Distrito Federal has operated a network of trolleybuses with (2012) 12 lines since 1951 . The fare is two MXN $ and is paid in cash. Trams have stopped running since the 1980s.
history
On April 19, 1967, the "Ejecutivo Federal" of Mexico City decided to build a subway system in the ever faster growing city in order to cope with the pressing traffic problems. As early as September 1969, the first line of the first Mexican subway between the stations Zaragoza and Chapultepec with a length of 11 km and 16 stations went into operation. By 1972 the network had grown to 40.8 km with 48 stations, completing the first phase of the Mexico City metro. Due to the ongoing expansion of the network, it currently consists of twelve lines with a total of 250 km.
On October 20, 1975, a serious rear-end collision occurred in the Chabacano station from line 2: A train in front was held in the station by an emergency brake , and a following train drove up at high speed. The front car of the second train climbed onto the tail of the train in front and hit the ceiling of the station. 34 people died in the accident.
On January 9, 2021, there was a major fire in the control center. A policewoman was killed. Several subway lines could no longer run.
In the late evening of May 3, 2021, a metro bridge over a street at Olivos station collapsed while a train on line 12 was crossing it. Two cars of the subway train crashed onto the street. The accident resulted in at least 23 deaths and 79 injuries. Residents had complained about damage to the route since an earthquake in 2017: Cracks were found on the pillars of the route. Line 12 was opened in 2012.
vehicles
The Mexico City Metro fleet consists of 2,805 vehicles with rubber wheels and 408 other vehicles with steel wheels. All trains on the routes with the exception of lines A and 12 are equipped with rubber wheels / tires, similar to the vehicles on some lines on the metro in Paris or on the subways in Montréal and Santiago de Chile. This variant was chosen because, given the geological conditions in Mexico City, it guarantees a low-vibration ride. Only the vehicles on lines A and 12 use conventional steel wheels.
Company workshops
There are currently four large workshops and depots named La Paz, Zaragoza, Ticoman and El Rosario in the subway network.
Web links
- Operator side (Spanish)
- Metro Mexico City at urbanrail.net (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ Terje Andersen: Railroad and Metro Tunnel Accidents .
- ↑ CNN Espaniol, January 11, 2021
- ^ Daniel Schreckenberg: Metro bridge collapses. Many dead and injured in metro disaster in Mexico City. In: t-online.de . dpa , May 4, 2021, accessed on May 4, 2021 .
- ↑ Anne Demmer: Dead when a metro bridge collapsed. In: Tagesschau.de. May 4, 2021, accessed May 4, 2021 .