Ulrich Krafft

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Ulrich Krafft (* around 1455 in Ulm ; † April 11, 1516 there ) was a German preacher and legal scholar. After teaching as a law professor in Tübingen, Freiburg im Breisgau and Basel between 1485 and 1501, he was given the post of pastor in Ulm for life in 1501.

Life

The son of Ulm's mayor Magnus Krafft and Verena Neithart attended Latin school and entered the Wengen Monastery as a conventual . He began his studies in the winter semester 1475/1476 at the University of Basel and continued it in the winter semester 1477/1478 in Tübingen. After receiving his master's degree in Tübingen on January 26, 1479, he studied law, most recently in Italy, where he obtained the degree of Dr. iur. caesarei (civilis) received. In 1484 he obtained a doctorate in canonical and secular law at the University of Pavia (known under the common place name Papia at that time ), as evidenced in an often overlooked protocol of the law faculty in Freiburg im Breisgau from August 9, 1492. According to this protocol, Krafft submitted a document sealed by the University of Pavia to the Dean of the Faculty of Law, Johannes Kerer, about his doctorate as doctor utriusque iuris (... de sua promotione in dictis juribus ostendit mihi die sequenti instrumentum sigillo munitum in Universitate Papiensi ...) .

From 1485 he taught as a professor of secular law at the Universities of Tuebingen (up to 1491; previously he is under the Rector of John Kreuzlinger alias even in the winter semester 1480/1481 after his master's promotion of 1479 John Crützlinger have taught at the University of Tübingen before he moved to Italy to study law), then in Freiburg (in the summer semester 1492 he was rector according to the title of the university register) and from 1495 in Basel, where he was also elected rector of the university in the winter semester 1495/1496 and winter semester 1500/1501 according to the university register . Ulrich Zasius and Hieronymus Schurff were among his students . The latter was so impressed by Krafft's lectures that he switched from studying medicine to studying law.

In 1486 Krafft received a commission from the Pope for one canonical each as canon in Constance and Augsburg; the canonicals were later transferred to him. In 1500 in Basel, in addition to his professor's salary, he received another benefice at the Niederstift Sankt Peter. As the successor to Doctor Ulrich Neithart, who died in November 1500, he was appointed by the magistrate of his hometown, who had the patronage of the city church, as a preacher to the highly endowed pastoral position (with 600 guilders) at Ulm Minster. How long he also retained his canonicals in Augsburg, Basel and Constance is not certain. In 1501 he prepared an expert opinion on the speculative trade with Barchent in Ulm . In this he turned against all forms of price, pledge and interest usury. Based on the strict conception of the great authorities of classical medieval scholasticism and in contrast to the prevailing doctrine of the late Middle Ages, he fought in them all deals that contradicted the theory of the fair price. He even went so far as to reject compensation for the late return of the money as a circumvention of the church's ban on interest (Finke, Tübinger Professorenkatalog, Volume 1,2, 2011, p. 185 with note 27). Around 1510 he built the first rectory in Ulm. He reformed Swabian monasteries and appeared several times as an indulgence commissioner.

From Krafft's legal practice, it is best known that on November 22nd, 1501, he succeeded Bernhard Schöf (f) erlin for about a year as the judge of the cities of the Swabian Confederation, until he was awarded a doctorate in Ulm in 1503 due to Krafft's indispensability Right Johannes Streler alias Sträler passed over (Finke, Tübingen professor catalog, volume 1,2, 2011, p. 185).

In his will of April 1, 1516, he determined that his books should be placed in a library to be established by the Ulm City Council. He also donated 100 Rhenish guilders, the interest of which was used to increase the stock. Some of his books are kept in the Ulm City Library to this day .

Works

  • The spiritual quarrel ; Strasbourg; 1517 (collection of 36 fasting sermons from 1503 and 1514). The digital version of the manuscript Cgm 460 is online .

literature

  • Bernhard Appenzeller: The minster preachers ; 1990, pp. 24-26
  • Karl Konrad Finke: The Tübingen Law Faculty 1477–1534 ; 1972
  • Karl Konrad Finke: Ulrich Krafft (around 1461/1463 to 1516) . In: The professors of the Tübingen Faculty of Law (1477–1535) (= Tübingen professor catalog . Vol. 1,2). Edited by Karl Konrad Finke. Jan Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2011, ISBN 978-3-7995-5452-7 , pp. 177-187.
  • Vincenz Hasak: The Christian Faith of the German People at the End of the Middle Ages ; Regensburg 1868; Pp. 435-442, 485-487
  • Roland Schelling: The lawyer Ulrich Krafft and the Swabian urban business law in the late Middle Ages and at the beginning of the modern era ; Diss. Mach. Tubingen; 1954
  • Reinhard Tenberg:  Ulrich Krafft. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 4, Bautz, Herzberg 1992, ISBN 3-88309-038-7 , Sp. 586-587.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Karl Heinz Burmeister: Krafft, Ulrich. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  2. ^ The professors of the Tübingen Law Faculty (1477–1535). Sönke Lorenz, accessed on November 11, 2017 .
  3. ↑ August Ritter von Eisenhart:  Zasius, Ulrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 44, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1898, pp. 708-715.
  4. ^ Directory of Rectors
  5. ^ Rectors of the University of Basel
  6. ↑ http://onlinekatalog-stadtarchiv.ulm.de/Ao22.html
  7. ↑ http://onlinekatalog-stadtarchiv.ulm.de/Ar3.3.html
  8. ↑ http://onlinekatalog-stadtarchiv.ulm.de/Ar11.2.html
personal data
SURNAME Krafft, Ulrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German preacher and legal scholar
DATE OF BIRTH around 1455
PLACE OF BIRTH Ulm
DATE OF DEATH April 11, 1516
Place of death Ulm